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Anatomy > Upper Extremity (UE) > Flashcards

Upper Extremity (UE) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the four segments of the Upper extremities

A

Shoulder
Arm
Forearm
Hand

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2
Q

What structures make up the shoulder?

A

scapula
clavicle
manubrium of the sternum

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3
Q

What part of the UE lies proximally to the hand?

A

forearm

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4
Q

What is the only place where the bones of the Upper limb articulate with the axial skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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5
Q

What is the most superficial bone?

A

Clavicle

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6
Q

Name the two ends of the clavicle and what they articulate with?

A 
sternal end (manubrium)
acromial end (acromion)
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7
Q

The medial 2/3 of the clavicle is:
A- convex anteriorly
B- convex posteriorly

A

convex anteriorly

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8
Q

The lateral 1/3 of the clavicle is:
A- concave anteriorly
B- concave posteriorly

A

concave anteriorly

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9
Q

Is the posterior surface of the scapula covex or concave?

A

Convex

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10
Q

Is the costal surface of the scapula concave or convex?

A

concave

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11
Q

Name the three important structures on the lateral end of the scapula that are involved in articulations.

A

Acromion
Glenoid fossa
Coracoid

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12
Q

What articulates with the scapula laterally?

A

Humerus

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13
Q

What structure separates the greater and lesser tubercle of the distal end of the humerus?

A

The bicipital groove

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14
Q

A patient presents with a dislocated shoulder. What type of dislocation would you most likely suspect?

A

Anterior (95% of dislocations)

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15
Q

Name the articular structures on the condyle of the humerus

A 
Trochlea
Capitulum
Olecranon fossa
Coronoid fossa
Radial fossae
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16
Q

How do you test for the radial nerve function?

A

By extending or touching the back of the wrist

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17
Q

Which one is the stabilizing bone of the forearm

A

Ulna

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18
Q

what forms the trochlear notch at the proximal end of ulna

A

olecranon and coronoid process

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19
Q

Does the ulna reach the wrist?

A

No.

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20
Q

What part of the humerus does the head of radius articulate with?

A

Capitulum

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21
Q

What separates the proximal end of the radius from the shaft? What attaches here?

A

radial tuberosity. Biceps

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22
Q

Name the carpal bones

A 
Some Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle)
Scaphoid
Lunate
Ttriquetrum
Pisiform
Ttrapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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23
Q

How many metacarpals in one hand?

A

5

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24
Q

Three parts of a metacarpal

A

base , shaft, head

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25
Q

<p>

| What does a metacarpal articulate with proximally and distally?</p>

A

<p>

| carpals (proximally) proximal phalanges (distally)</p>

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26
Q

T or F? all digits have 3 phalanges.

A

F. Thumbs has 2.

27
Q 
Define the following joints
MCP
PIP
DIP
IP
A

MCP - metacarpophalangeal
PIP - Proximal interphalangeal joint
DIP - Distal Interphalangeal joint
IP- interphalangeal joint

28
Q

Name the main superficial veins of upper limb and specify which one is medial/lateral.

A

Cephalic (lateral)

Basilic (medial)

29
Q

Name the anterior axioappendicullar muscles.

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior

30
Q

Name the posterior axioappendicullar muscles.

A 
Superficial:
-trapezius
-latisimus dorsi
Deep:
Levetor scapulae
Rhomboids
31
Q

Name the muscles that make up the rotator cuff and what does it surrounds.

A 
Rotator cuff SITS around the glenohumeral joint
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
32
Q

Name the borders of the axilla

A

Apex (1st rib, clavicle, superior edge of scapula)
Base (skin, fascia, subQ tissue)
Anterior wall (pectoralis major/minor)
Posterior wall (scapula,subscapularis, teres major)
Medial wall (1-4 ribs, intercostals)
Lateral wall (humerus)

33
Q

Which muscle is the only pure flexor of the elbow?

A

Brachialis

34
Q

Main extensor of the elbow

A

Triceps Brachii

35
Q

Main arterial supply to the arm is via this artery

A

Brachial

36
Q

Name two superficial and one deep veins of the arm

A

Cephalic and basilic (superficial)

brachial (deep)

37
Q

Name the nerves of the arm

A

Median
Ulnar
Musculocutaneous
Radial

38
Q

Ulnar nerve arises from which cord of the brachial plexus?

A

Medial

39
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve arises from which cord of the brachial plexus?

A

Lateral

40
Q

Flexors and pronators are served mainly by this nerve

A

median

41
Q

Extensors and supinators are served mainly by this nerve

A

radial

42
Q

All flexors are attached proximally by a common tendon on the ………… epicondyle of humerus

A

medial

43
Q

Divide the Flexor-pronator muscles of the forearm into three main groups and name the muscles in each.

A

Superficial:
(Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris, palmaris longus)
Intermediate:
(Flexor digitorium superficialis)
Deep:
(Flexor digitorium profundus, Flexor pollicis longus, Pronator quadratus)

44
Q

Divide the extensor muscles of the forearm into 2 main groups and name the muscles in each.

A 
Superficial:
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorium
Extensor digiti minimi
Deep:
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor indicis
45
Q

What muscles form the anatomical snuff box?

A

Abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus

46
Q

Whats the clinical application of the snuff box?

A

scaphoid fracture location

47
Q

You are a PA in the ER. A new resident is working with you and is treating a patient with a deep laceration on the anterior aspect of the forearm involving the muscles and resident decides to repair them. You are assisting him. Whats the correct procedure to repair this injury and why?

A

You would advise the resident that the correct procedure is to transfer the patient to the OR and have a hand surgeon to perform the procedures due to the involvement of the flexor muscles. Only the extensors may be repaired in the ER.

48
Q

Nerves of the forearm

A

Median
Radial
Ulnar

49
Q

Which nerve crosses the roof of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Radial

50
Q

What is AC joint?

A

Acromioclavicular Joint

51
Q

What is Luxatio erecta

A

Uncommon, inferior shoulder dislocation

52
Q

What is nursmaid’s elbow, presenting signs and treatment?

A

Subluxation of the radial head.
Presents with extended or slightly flexed elbow and pronated forearm.
treatment:
Push on the radial head, supinate and flex the elbow.

53
Q

Define Skier’s thumb and give cause

A

Rupture of the chronic laxity of the ulnar collateral ligament of 1st metacarpophalangeal ligament.
Caused by hyperextension of joint.

54
Q

what helps stabilize the glenohumeral joint?

A

triceps brachii

55
Q

how many muscle compartments are in the hand?

A

5

56
Q

What nerve is damaged when the stuff box is damaged?

A

radial nerve

57
Q

Other than flexion of the digits, what does the long flexors of digits also flex?

A

metacarpophalanges and wrist joints

58
Q

what stabilizes the scapula?

A

pectoralis minor

59
Q

what helps flexes and adducts the arm?

A

coracobrachialis

60
Q

what helps moves the pectoral girdle?

A

sternoclavicular joint

61
Q

what anchors the scapula?

A

serratus anterior

62
Q

what rotate and retracts the scapula?

A

rhomboids

63
Q

what are the compartments of the hands?

A 
THICKA
thenar
hypothenar
interosseous
central
adductor

Anatomy (10 decks)

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