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Anatomy > Abdomen 3 > Flashcards

Abdomen 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest internal organ of the body:

A. Skin

B. Liver

C. Stomach

D. Colon

A

B. Liver

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2
Q

Is the liver the largest internal organ and the smallest gland?

A

No- it is the largest organ and the largest gland

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3
Q

Every substance absorbed from the alimentary tract is received first by the liver except?

A

Lipids

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4
Q

What does the liver store?

A

Glycogen

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5
Q

What does the liver secrete?

A

Bile

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6
Q

What are the two surfaces of the liver?

A
  1. Diaphragmatic

2. Visceral

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7
Q

Which of the surfaces of the liver are convex, smooth and dome shaped?

A

The diaphragmatic surface

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8
Q

Which of the surfaces of the liver are relatively flat and concave?

A

The visceral surface

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9
Q

What are the three recesses that separate the liver’s surfaces called?*

A
  1. Subphrenic
  2. Hepatorenal
  3. Subhepatic
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10
Q 
Where is the liver mainly located:
A. RLQ
B. RUQ
C. A & B
D. Epigastric area
A

b. RUQ

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11
Q

Does the liver move when a person breathes?

A

It may move.

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12
Q 
What are the lobes of the liver:
A. Left
B. Right
C. Inferior
D. Superior
E. 1&2 only
A

E. A&B only

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13
Q

What are the Right and Left lobe separated by?

A

Falciform ligament

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14
Q

What demarcates the Caudate and Quadrate lobes?

A

The sagittal fissures and porta hepatis

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15
Q

Trace the pathway from Liver to Common Bile Duct.

A

Hepatocytes secrete bile into bile canaliculi— bile enters R & L hepatic ducts— after leaving the porta hepatis they unite to form the common hepatic duct—this is joined by the cystic duct to form the Common Bile Duct.

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16
Q

Which other duct does the Bile Duct enter the Duodenum with?

A

The pancreatic duct

17
Q

Which organ is described as pear shaped?

A

the gallbladder

18
Q

What are the three parts of the gallbladder?

A
  1. Fundus: wide end projecting from inferior border of liver (usually at tip of right 9th costal cartilage)
  2. Body: contacts visceral surface of liver, transverse colon, superior part of duodenum.
  3. Neck: narrow, tapered, directed toward porta hepatis
19
Q

Which duct has a spiral valve?

A

The cystic duct

20
Q

What does the Spiral valve do?

A

It keeps the cystic duct open

21
Q

What is the main channel of the portal venous system?

A

the Portal Vein

22
Q

What collects poorly oxygenated but nutrient-rich blood from the abdominal part of the alimentary canal to the liver?

A

The portal vein

23
Q

Where is there portal system anastomoses?

A

Where the portal venous and systemic venous system communicate- btwn the esophageal veins and azygous veins, with rectal veins and paraumbilical veins.

24
Q

With end stage liver disease what type of veins will one see by the caput medusae?

A

Dilated blue veins

25
Q

What are the kidneys surrounded by?*

A

Perinephric fat

26
Q

Which kidney is higher?

A

The Left is 2.5 cm higher than the Right

27
Q

T/F: In the hilum of the kidney the artery is anterior to the renal vein,

A

False.

The artery is behind the vein.

28
Q

T/F The kidneys and ureters are retroperitoneal.

A

True

29
Q

Where are the 3 places the ureters are normally constricted?

A
  1. junction of ureter with renal pelvis
  2. where the ureter crosses the pelvic brim
  3. during passage through the wall of the bladder.
30
Q

What is the clinical significance of the constricted locations of the ureters?

A

Those places are where stones are most likely to get stuck.

31
Q

What is yellowish, lies above the kidney and below the diaphragm?

A

The adrenal glands

32
Q

Do both adrenal glands have a hilum?

A

Yes

33
Q

Do the adrenal glands both have a cortex and medulla?

A

Yes

34
Q

What are some congenital abnormalities with the kidneys and ureters?,

A
  1. Bifid kidney- kidney is indented in.

2. Bifid Ureter- two ureters from each kidney.

35
Q

What can happen with a renal transplant?

A

The transplanted kidney will be placed closer to the pelvis and the non-functioning kidney wont be removed.

Anatomy (10 decks)

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