Abdomen 3 Flashcards
What is the largest internal organ of the body:
A. Skin
B. Liver
C. Stomach
D. Colon
B. Liver
Is the liver the largest internal organ and the smallest gland?
No- it is the largest organ and the largest gland
Every substance absorbed from the alimentary tract is received first by the liver except?
Lipids
What does the liver store?
Glycogen
What does the liver secrete?
Bile
What are the two surfaces of the liver?
- Diaphragmatic
2. Visceral
Which of the surfaces of the liver are convex, smooth and dome shaped?
The diaphragmatic surface
Which of the surfaces of the liver are relatively flat and concave?
The visceral surface
What are the three recesses that separate the liver’s surfaces called?*
- Subphrenic
- Hepatorenal
- Subhepatic
Where is the liver mainly located: A. RLQ B. RUQ C. A & B D. Epigastric area
b. RUQ
Does the liver move when a person breathes?
It may move.
What are the lobes of the liver: A. Left B. Right C. Inferior D. Superior E. 1&2 only
E. A&B only
What are the Right and Left lobe separated by?
Falciform ligament
What demarcates the Caudate and Quadrate lobes?
The sagittal fissures and porta hepatis
Trace the pathway from Liver to Common Bile Duct.
Hepatocytes secrete bile into bile canaliculi— bile enters R & L hepatic ducts— after leaving the porta hepatis they unite to form the common hepatic duct—this is joined by the cystic duct to form the Common Bile Duct.
Which other duct does the Bile Duct enter the Duodenum with?
The pancreatic duct
Which organ is described as pear shaped?
the gallbladder
What are the three parts of the gallbladder?
- Fundus: wide end projecting from inferior border of liver (usually at tip of right 9th costal cartilage)
- Body: contacts visceral surface of liver, transverse colon, superior part of duodenum.
- Neck: narrow, tapered, directed toward porta hepatis
Which duct has a spiral valve?
The cystic duct
What does the Spiral valve do?
It keeps the cystic duct open
What is the main channel of the portal venous system?
the Portal Vein
What collects poorly oxygenated but nutrient-rich blood from the abdominal part of the alimentary canal to the liver?
The portal vein
Where is there portal system anastomoses?
Where the portal venous and systemic venous system communicate- btwn the esophageal veins and azygous veins, with rectal veins and paraumbilical veins.
With end stage liver disease what type of veins will one see by the caput medusae?
Dilated blue veins
What are the kidneys surrounded by?*
Perinephric fat
Which kidney is higher?
The Left is 2.5 cm higher than the Right
T/F: In the hilum of the kidney the artery is anterior to the renal vein,
False.
The artery is behind the vein.
T/F The kidneys and ureters are retroperitoneal.
True
Where are the 3 places the ureters are normally constricted?
- junction of ureter with renal pelvis
- where the ureter crosses the pelvic brim
- during passage through the wall of the bladder.
What is the clinical significance of the constricted locations of the ureters?
Those places are where stones are most likely to get stuck.
What is yellowish, lies above the kidney and below the diaphragm?
The adrenal glands
Do both adrenal glands have a hilum?
Yes
Do the adrenal glands both have a cortex and medulla?
Yes
What are some congenital abnormalities with the kidneys and ureters?,
- Bifid kidney- kidney is indented in.
2. Bifid Ureter- two ureters from each kidney.
What can happen with a renal transplant?
The transplanted kidney will be placed closer to the pelvis and the non-functioning kidney wont be removed.
