Upper Extremity

Question 1

Superficial veins of the upper arm

Answer 1

cephalic vein - lateral
basilic vein - medial
median cubital -cubital fossa

Question 2

joints of the shoulder

Answer 2

sternoclavicular
acromioclavicular
glenohumeral

Question 3

anterior muscles of the shoulder and arm

Answer 3

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

Question 4

function of pectoralis major

Answer 4

adducts and medially rotates the shoulder

flexes the shoulder

Question 5

innervation of the pectoralis major

Answer 5

lateral and medial pectoral nn.

Question 6

function of the pectoralis minotr

Answer 6

stabilizes scapula

Question 7

innervation of the pectoralis minor

Answer 7

medial pectoral n.

Question 8

function of the serratus anterior

Answer 8

protracts scapula

Question 9

innervation of the serratus anterior

Answer 9

long thoracic nerve

Question 10

posterior muscles of the shoulder and arm

Answer 10

trapezius

latissimus dorsi

Question 11

function of the trapezius

Answer 11

superior -elevates scapula
middle - retracts scapula
inferior - depresses scapula and glenoid rotation

Question 12

innervation of the trapezius

Answer 12

CN XI spinal accessory nerve

Question 13

function of the latissimus dorrsi

Answer 13

extends, adducts, and medially rotates shoulder

Question 14

innervation of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 14

thoracodorsal n.

Question 15

what muscles are deep to the trapezius? what is their innervation?

Answer 15

levator scapulae
rhomboids

dorsal scapular n.

Question 16

function of the levator scapulae

Answer 16

elevates scapula

Question 17

function of the rhomboids

Answer 17

retracts scapula

Question 18

how many muscles are part of scapulohumeral?

Answer 18

6 muscles; 4 of which are rotator cuff

Question 19

function of the deltoid muscle

Answer 19

Anterior - flexes
Middle - abducts shoulder
Posterior - laterally rotates shoulder

Question 20

innervation of the deltoid

Answer 20

axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Question 21

function of the teres major

Answer 21

adducts and medially rotates shoulder

Question 22

innervation of teres major

Answer 22

lower subscapular nerve (C6-C7)

Question 23

name the four rotator cuff muscles

Answer 23

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
infraspinatus

Question 24

function of the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 24

form a musculotendinous cuff around the glenohumeral joint

they are all rotators except the supraspinatus

Question 25

function of the supraspinatus

Answer 25

adducts the humerus

Question 26

what do the SITS tendons blend with?

Answer 26

joint capsule

Question 27

innervation of the sits muscles?

Answer 27

subscapular nerve (C6-c7)

Question 28

explain a rotator cuff injury

Answer 28

tear of supraspinatus tendon or degenerative tendinitis

Question 29

what is the axilla?

Answer 29

pyramidal space at junction of arm and thorax passageway for vessels and nerves

Question 30

What are the three parts of the axillary artery?

Answer 30

1. superior thoracic artery 2. lateral thoracic artery Thoracoacromial artery 3. anterior/poster circumflex humeral artery subscapular artery

Question 31

Brachial plexus nerve root

Answer 31

ventral rami C5-T1

Question 32

Anterior muscles of the arm and innervation

Answer 32

biceps brachii brachialis coracobrachialis musculocutaneous nerve

Question 33

function of the biceps brachii

Answer 33

flexes shoulder and elbow

Question 34

function of brachialis

Answer 34

flexes elbow

Question 35

coracobrachialis

Answer 35

flexes shoulder

Question 36

name the extensors of the elbow

Answer 36

triceps trachii - long, short, lateral head | aconeous

Question 37

innervation of the extensors of the elbow

Answer 37

radial nerve

Question 38

blood supply to the arm

Answer 38

brachial artery deep brachial artery axillary artery

Question 39

cubital fossa

Answer 39

median cubital vein is here

Question 40

joints of the elbow

Answer 40

humeroulnar humeroradial proximo radioulnar

Question 41

muscles of the forearm: superficial layer: flexors

Answer 41

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 42

innervation of the superficial layer of the forearm and exception (flexors)

Answer 42

median nerve EXCEPT medial part of flexor digitorum profundus which is ulnar nerve

Question 43

Extensors of the forearm: superficial

Answer 43

``` Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris ```

Question 44

Extensors of the forearm: deep layer and innervation

Answer 44

``` Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis ``` radial nerve

Question 45

carpal tunnel

Answer 45

passageway deep to flexor retinaculum

Question 46

carpal tunnel design

Answer 46

``` roof = flexor retinaculum floor/walls = carpal bones ```

Question 47

what are the contents of the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 47

median nerve FDS FDP FPL tendon

Question 48

importance of carpal tunnel

Answer 48

swelling of contents of carpal tunnel can result in compression of median nerve = tingling and pain in the hand

Question 49

carpal tunnel causes tingling and pain in which digits

Answer 49

1-3 and part of 4

Question 50

arterial supply to the hand

Answer 50

radial nerve and ulnar nerve

Question 51

anatomical snuff box

Answer 51

Where radial a. passes between extensor pollicis longus and brevis tendons