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Anatomy > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial veins of the upper arm

A

cephalic vein - lateral
basilic vein - medial
median cubital -cubital fossa

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2
Q

joints of the shoulder

A

sternoclavicular
acromioclavicular
glenohumeral

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3
Q

anterior muscles of the shoulder and arm

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior

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4
Q

function of pectoralis major

A

adducts and medially rotates the shoulder

flexes the shoulder

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5
Q

innervation of the pectoralis major

A

lateral and medial pectoral nn.

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6
Q

function of the pectoralis minotr

A

stabilizes scapula

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7
Q

innervation of the pectoralis minor

A

medial pectoral n.

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8
Q

function of the serratus anterior

A

protracts scapula

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9
Q

innervation of the serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve

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10
Q

posterior muscles of the shoulder and arm

A

trapezius

latissimus dorsi

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11
Q

function of the trapezius

A

superior -elevates scapula
middle - retracts scapula
inferior - depresses scapula and glenoid rotation

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12
Q

innervation of the trapezius

A

CN XI spinal accessory nerve

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13
Q

function of the latissimus dorrsi

A

extends, adducts, and medially rotates shoulder

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14
Q

innervation of the latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal n.

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15
Q

what muscles are deep to the trapezius? what is their innervation?

A

levator scapulae
rhomboids

dorsal scapular n.

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16
Q

function of the levator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

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17
Q

function of the rhomboids

A

retracts scapula

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18
Q

how many muscles are part of scapulohumeral?

A

6 muscles; 4 of which are rotator cuff

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19
Q

function of the deltoid muscle

A

Anterior - flexes
Middle - abducts shoulder
Posterior - laterally rotates shoulder

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20
Q

innervation of the deltoid

A

axillary nerve (C5-C6)

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21
Q

function of the teres major

A

adducts and medially rotates shoulder

22
Q

innervation of teres major

A

lower subscapular nerve (C6-C7)

23
Q

name the four rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
infraspinatus

24
Q

function of the rotator cuff muscles

A

form a musculotendinous cuff around the glenohumeral joint

they are all rotators except the supraspinatus

25
Q

function of the supraspinatus

A

adducts the humerus

26
Q

what do the SITS tendons blend with?

A

joint capsule

27
Q

innervation of the sits muscles?

A

subscapular nerve (C6-c7)

28
Q

explain a rotator cuff injury

A

tear of supraspinatus tendon or degenerative tendinitis

29
Q

what is the axilla?

A

pyramidal space at junction of arm and thorax

passageway for vessels and nerves

30
Q

What are the three parts of the axillary artery?

A
  1. superior thoracic artery
  2. lateral thoracic artery
    Thoracoacromial artery
  3. anterior/poster circumflex humeral artery
    subscapular artery
31
Q

Brachial plexus nerve root

A

ventral rami C5-T1

32
Q

Anterior muscles of the arm and innervation

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis
musculocutaneous nerve

33
Q

function of the biceps brachii

A

flexes shoulder and elbow

34
Q

function of brachialis

A

flexes elbow

35
Q

coracobrachialis

A

flexes shoulder

36
Q

name the extensors of the elbow

A

triceps trachii - long, short, lateral head

aconeous

37
Q

innervation of the extensors of the elbow

A

radial nerve

38
Q

blood supply to the arm

A

brachial artery
deep brachial artery
axillary artery

39
Q

cubital fossa

A

median cubital vein is here

40
Q

joints of the elbow

A

humeroulnar
humeroradial
proximo radioulnar

41
Q

muscles of the forearm: superficial layer: flexors

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

42
Q

innervation of the superficial layer of the forearm and exception (flexors)

A

median nerve

EXCEPT medial part of flexor digitorum profundus which is ulnar nerve

43
Q

Extensors of the forearm: superficial

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
44
Q

Extensors of the forearm: deep layer and innervation

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

radial nerve

45
Q

carpal tunnel

A

passageway deep to flexor retinaculum

46
Q

carpal tunnel design

A 
roof = flexor retinaculum
floor/walls = carpal bones
47
Q

what are the contents of the flexor retinaculum?

A

median nerve
FDS
FDP
FPL tendon

48
Q

importance of carpal tunnel

A

swelling of contents of carpal tunnel can result in compression of median nerve = tingling and pain in the hand

49
Q

carpal tunnel causes tingling and pain in which digits

A

1-3 and part of 4

50
Q

arterial supply to the hand

A

radial nerve and ulnar nerve

51
Q

anatomical snuff box

A

Where radial a. passes between extensor pollicis longus and brevis tendons

Anatomy (11 decks)

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