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Anatomy > Reproductive System: Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

Reproductive System: Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

The pelvic cavity is part of what larger cavity?

A

The pelvic cavity is part of the abdominopelvic cavity

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2
Q

Three components of the pelvic cavity

A

Pelvic inlet
Pelvic outlet
Perineum

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3
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

inferior most part of the external oblique via aponeurosis

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4
Q

How is the inguinal canal formed?

A

formed during descent of gonads during embryological development

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5
Q

How does the inguinal canal pass through abdominal wall?

A

oblique passage through abdominal wall

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6
Q

What is the function of the inguinal canal?

A

Site where structures exit the abdominal cavity

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7
Q

What is the clinical importance of the inguinal canal?

A

site of hernias

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8
Q

What is inside the inguinal canal?

A 
round ligament (females)
spermatic cord (males)

and vessels and ilioinguinal nerve

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9
Q

Explain the walls of the inguinal canal

A 
Anterior = external oblique
Posterior = transversalis fascia
Roof = internal oblique/transverse abdominus
Floor = inguinal ligament
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10
Q

What are the two types of hernia that can occur?

A

Direct (acquired) hernia

Indirect (congenital) hernia

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11
Q

Direct (acquired) hernia

A

Goes through abdominal wall
Bulge located medially
May exit superficial inguinal ring
Rarely enters scrotum

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12
Q

Indirect (congenital) hernia

A

Goes through inguinal canal (esp. deep inguinal ring)
Most common
Peritoneal sac may enter the scrotum

born with weakness in inguinal canal

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13
Q

What sits in the pelvic cavity?

A

Pelvic viscera

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14
Q

What are the organs of the pelvic cavity?

A 
uterine tube
ovary
uterus 
vagina
bladder
urethra
rectum 
anal canal
anal aperture
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15
Q

Peritoneum of the pelvic cavity

A

Continues from the abdominal cavity into pelvic cavity

Reflects (folds) onto superior parts of pelvic viscera

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16
Q

What drapes over the pelvic viscera?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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17
Q

Which pelvic organs are present in both males and females?

A

bladder
uterus
rectum

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18
Q

Location of the bladder, uterus, and rectum

A

primarily retroperitoneal

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19
Q

What is the rectum composed of?

A

sigmoid colon

anal canal

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20
Q

Embryology of the rectum

A

hindgut

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21
Q

What does the rectum lack?

A

teniae coli
haustra
omental appendices

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22
Q

Function of the rectal ampulla

A

feces are stored before their release via the anal canal

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23
Q

The rectum is maintained by what?

A

anorectal flexure maintained by the levator ani

24
Q

On a rectal exam, what would you inspect on a female?

A

vagina

25
Q

On a rectal exam, what would you inspect on a male?

A

prostate

seminal vesicles

26
Q

Female pelvic organs

A

Vagina
Uterus
Uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)
Ovaries

27
Q

Where is the vagina?

A

Between the bladder (anterior) and the rectum (posterior)

28
Q

What is typical of the bladder?

A

usually collapsed (anterior and posterior walls are usually in contact)

29
Q

The vagina is what kind of tube?

A

subperitoneal

musculomembranous tube

30
Q

Where is the bladder?

A

Between the bladder and rectum

31
Q

Uterus components

A 
Body
Fundus
Isthmus
Uterine horns
Cervix
32
Q

Muscle of the uterus

A

myometrium

endometrium

33
Q

myometrium

A

smooth muscle

34
Q

endometrium

A

inner mucous

sheds monthly

35
Q

Normal position of the uterus

A

anteverted

forward/uterus and cervix in line

36
Q

Other positions of the uterus

A

Retroflexed
backward/bend in uterus relative to cervix

Retroverted
backward/uterus and cervix in line

37
Q

The cervix is mostly what kind of tissue?

A

Mostly fibrous tissue

38
Q

The cervix is composed of?

A

external os
cervical canal
internal os

39
Q

A pap smear tests what region of the uterus?

A

external os of the uterus

40
Q

Component of the uterine tubes

A

oviducts

41
Q

Where do oviducts open?

A

into the peritoneal cavity (abdominal orifices)

42
Q

Embryology of uterine tubes

A

intraperitoneal

43
Q

Most common site of ectopic pregnancy

A

uterine tubes

44
Q

Where are the ovaries?

A

suspended in the peritoneal cavity and not covered by peritoneum

45
Q

What happens during ovulation?

A

oocyte is expelled
fimbriae of uterine tube to trap it
carry it to uterine tube

46
Q

Ligaments of the uterus

A

broad ligament
round ligament of uterus
ovarian ligament
suspensory ligament of the ovary

47
Q

Broad ligament

A

double layer of peritoneum (mesentery) draped over the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovary)

48
Q

Function of the broad ligament

A

tethers uterus to lateral walls and floor of pelvis

49
Q

The round ligament and the ovarian ligament is the remnant of?

A

remnants of gubernaculum

50
Q

Uterus vasculature

A

uterine artery and vein

from anterior division of internal iliac artery

51
Q

Vagina vasculature

A

vaginal artery and vein

from uterine artery

52
Q

Ovary and uterine tube vasculature

A

ovarian artery and vein

from aorta

53
Q

Male internal genital organs

A 
Testis
Epidymsis 
Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
Seminal glands
Ejaculatory ducts
Prostate 
Bulbourethral glands
54
Q

Where do the testes initially develop?

A

testes develops initially in the posterior abdominal wall

55
Q

Layers of the inguinal canal and spermatic cord

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique = external spermatic fascia

Musculature of the internal oblique = cremaster muscle

Transversalis fascia = internal spermatic fascia

56
Q

Which muscle does not contribute to the inguinal canal and spermatic cord?

A

Transversus abdominis muscle

57
Q

Contents of the spermatic cord

A 
Testicular artery
testicular vein
Ductus deferens
Nerve to cremaster
Testicular nn (sympathetic)

Anatomy (11 decks)

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