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WHAP > Unit Three - The Post-Classical Era > Flashcards

Unit Three - The Post-Classical Era Flashcards

1
Q

Byzantium

A

eastern half of Europe following the fall of the Roman Empire

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2
Q

Constantinople

A

large and wealthy imperial capital of Byzantium

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3
Q

Medina

A

burial place of Muhammad; second holiest Islamic site (after Mecca)

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4
Q

Umayyads

A
  • leaders of first hereditary Muslim caliphate
  • expansion
  • capital of Damascus
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5
Q

Abbasid caliphate

A
  • overthrew Umayyads
  • long caliphate
  • capital in Baghdad
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6
Q

sharia

A

Islamic law

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7
Q

dar al-Islam

A

“house of peace”

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8
Q

Italian city-states

A

independent civilizations on the Italian peninsula that were heavily involved in trade and commerce (ex: Florence, Venice, Milan)

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9
Q

Swahili city-states

A

trading states along the east coast of Africa

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10
Q

Sui dynasty

A
  • fifth Chinese dynasty

* unified the region after years of disunity

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11
Q

Tang dynasty

A
  • sixth Chinese dynasty

* departmental political structure; Confucian values

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12
Q

Song dynasty

A
  • seventh Chinese dynasty

* golden age of culture

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13
Q

Heian regime

A

high era of Japanese culture and imperial court

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14
Q

Crusades

A

a series of military expeditions by Christians aimed to recover holy lands from Muslims

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15
Q

Ottoman Empire

A

Islamic state founded after the fall of the Byzantine Empire

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16
Q

Mongols

A

group of pastoralists who united under Genghis Khan to create the largest land empire in history

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17
Q

Mali

A

Muslim trade empire in West Africa

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18
Q

Timbuktu

A

center of trade and Islamic teaching in the Mali civilization

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19
Q

Songhay Empire

A

West African state that replaced the Mali Empire after its fall

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20
Q

Yuan (Mongol) dynasty

A
  • eighth Chinese dynasty

* led by the Mongols under their empire

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21
Q

Ming dynasty

A
  • ninth Chinese dynasty

* led reforms and advancements

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22
Q

Inca Empire

A

largest and most powerful Andean empire

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23
Q

Aztec Empire

A

powerful empire in central Mexico

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24
Q

Genghis Khan

A

founder of the Mongol Empire

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25
pax Mongolica
period of peace and stability under the Mongol Empire
26
gunpowder
Chinese formula that was eventually used across the world for weaponry
27
longboats
boats used by the Vikings
28
Islam
* monotheistic faith * founded by Muhammad * Five Pillars * holy text = Qu'ran * holy site = Mecca
29
Sunni
majority Muslim group; believe that the community should choose its leaders
30
Shia
minority Muslim group; believe that leaders should descend from Muhammad
31
Borobudur
Buddhist temple in Java
32
great schism
the split of Christianity between Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
33
Roman Catholicism
the Western branch of Christianity after the great schism
34
Eastern Orthodoxy
the Eastern branch of Christianity after the great schism
35
scholasticism
coined by Thomas Aquinas; popular among medieval Christian thinkers
36
Arabian Nights
Arabic collection of stories during Islam's golden age
37
Sufism
a mystical branch of Islam
38
The Tale of Genji
Japanese story of love and court life; written by Lady Murasaki
39
bushido
the "way of the warrior" in Japan
40
samurai
warrior class of feudal Japan
41
humanism
philosophy that celebrates being human
42
Sundiata Keita
founder of the Mali Empire
43
Rumi
Islamic poet
44
Zheng He
Chinese explorer of the Indian Ocean; supported by Yongle
45
Yongle
Ming emperor; sponsor of many projects and Zheng He's exploration
46
Forbidden City
imperial residence in Beijing
47
Machu Picchu
Inca site
48
Marco Polo
Italian explorer who traveled to Asia
49
Ibn Battuta
Muslim scholar and explorer
50
Xuanzang
Chinese Buddhist monk
51
Grand Canal
canal in China linking the Yellow and Yangzi rivers
52
guild
an association of men (rarely women) with a common profession
53
Hanseatic League
an alliance of free towns in northern Germany
54
Hangzhou
southern terminus of the Grand Canal
55
Malacca
Malaysian state; popular in Indian Ocean trade
56
Calicut
Indian trade city
57
jizya
a tribute/tax paid by non-Muslims
58
urbanization
the development of urban areas
59
witch hunts
pursuits of people suspected of witchcraft
60
black death
a plague that eradicated populations throughout Eurasia
61
Charlemagne
founded the Carolingian Empire through conquest
62
Magna Carta
English document proclaiming that everyone (including the king) was subject to the law
63
Habsburg family
German family who came to control much of Central Europe
64
Reconquista
Christian military campaigns to recapture Muslim states
65
Baghdad
capital city of the Abbasid caliphate
66
caliph
"successor"
67
Canton
large port city in China
68
shogun
a hereditary military governor in Japan
69
daimyo
Japanese feudal lord who commanded samurai
70
Saladin
first sultan of Egypt
71
waru waru agriculture
Andean agricultural technique
72
astrolabe
device used to tell time based on position of the sun and stars
73
compass
device used to show direction
74
Johannes Gutenberg
inventor of the printing press
75
Muhammad
founder of Islam
76
Qu'ran
Islam's holy book
77
Five Pillars of Islam
shahadah (declaration), salat (prayer), zakat (donation to poor), sawm (fasting), hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)
78
griot
storyteller in West Africa
79
clergy
body of people in charge of religious duties
80
devshirme
Ottoman system of taking young men from non-Muslim families and teaching them to serve in the army
81
janissaries
slave-soldiers of the devshirme system
82
Hundred Years' War
series of campaigns over control of the French throne
83
Wu Zhao
empress of China
84
Eleanor of Aquitaine
powerful woman in Europe during the High Middle Ages
85
Joan of Arc
heroine of France
86
chivalry
code of honor and ethics taken by knights
87
Srivijaya
Indonesian city-state
88
Silla dynasty
kingdom of Korea
89
Trung sisters
Vietnamese military leaders who rebelled against China
90
hangul
Korean alphabet
91
foot binding
the Chinese practice of binding women's feet in order to shrink them
92
Justinian
emperor of the Byzantine Empire
93
caesaropapism
the idea of combining secular government with religious power (head of the state is head of the church)
94
Prince Vladimir of Kiev
Russian prince who converted to Christianity
95
Holy Roman Empire
loose federation of German states and principalities
96
umma
community of all Muslims
97
hijra
Muhammad's move to Medina
98
ulama
Islamic scholars
99
Anatolia
region that held the Byzantine and Ottoman empires
100
al-Andalus
Muslim Spain
101
madrassa
Islamic religious school
102
Igbo
ethnic group of Nigeria
103
Iroquois
northeast Native American confederacy
104
Mecca
Islam's holy city
105
hajj
Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca

WHAP (10 decks)

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