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WHAP > The Americas > Flashcards

The Americas Flashcards

1
Q

HEI in the Americas; Foundations Era

A

*migrations via Bering Strait

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2
Q

Culture in the Americas; Foundations Era

A
  • polytheism

* record-keeping (quipu)

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3
Q

Politics in the Americas; Foundations Era

A
  • Olmec (Central America)

* Chavin (Andes)

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4
Q

Economics in the Americas; Foundations Era

A
  • regional and transregional trade

* domestication of plants and animals

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5
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; Foundations Era

A
  • first cities and villages

* emergence of patriarchy and labor specialization

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6
Q

HEI in the Americas; Classical Era

A
  • hillside terracing
  • floating islands
  • impacts of city-building and agriculture
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7
Q

Culture in the Americas; Classical Era

A
  • polytheism (human sacrifice)
  • ancestor veneration
  • Mayan hieroglyphs, calendar, and concept of 0
  • quipu
  • pyramids
  • llamas
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8
Q

Politics in the Americas; Classical Era

A
  • Teotihuacan
  • Maya
  • Moche
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9
Q

Economics in the Americas; Classical Era

A
  • mit’a labor obligation

* intensive agriculture - corn, potatoes

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10
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; Classical Era

A
  • cities and hierarchies

* allyu clans

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11
Q

HEI in the Americas; Post-Classical Era

A
  • chinampa agriculture
  • terrace farming
  • waru waru agriculture
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12
Q

Culture in the Americas; Post-Classical Era

A
  • earth mounds in Central America
  • pyramids, polytheism, human sacrifice in Mesoamerica
  • Temple of the Sun and Machu Picchu
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13
Q

Politics in the Americas; Post-Classical Era

A
  • Mississippian culture
  • Cahokia
  • city-states of Mesoamerica
  • Toltec
  • Aztecs; Incas
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14
Q

Economics in the Americas; Post-Classical Era

A
  • pastoralism

* mit’a labor system

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15
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; Post-Classical Era

A
  • labor systems (mit’a)

* clan system

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16
Q

HEI in the Americas; Age of Exploration

A
  • arrival of horses, pigs, cattle
  • arrival of sugarcane, cotton, okra, rice, coffee
  • smallpox, measles, influenza
  • plantations
  • silver mining
17
Q

Culture in the Americas; Age of Exploration

A
  • religious syncretism (Vodun, Latin American cult of saints)
  • creole, mestizo, “mixed” traditions
18
Q

Politics in the Americas; Age of Exploration

A
  • impact of European arrival and colonies
  • conquistadors defeat Aztecs and Incas
  • piracy in the Caribbean
  • joint-stock companies (Hudson’s Bay Company)
19
Q

Economics in the Americas; Age of Exploration

A
  • piracy in the Caribbean
  • plantation and cash-crop agriculture
  • reliance on slavery and coerced labor
  • sugar, cotton, tobacco, coffee, silver
20
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; Age of Exploration

A
  • forced labor
  • plantations and haciendas
  • Atlantic Slave Trade
  • indentured servitude
  • mixed-race populations
  • role of women in European encounters (Malinche, Pocahontas)
21
Q

HEI in the Americas; Age of Industrialization

A
  • pollution
  • resource extraction (cash-crops, mining)
  • species extinction
  • treatments for malaria
  • coal, metals, petroleum, timber, meat, fruit, sugar, coffee, guano
22
Q

Culture in the Americas; Age of Industrialization

A
  • Enlightenment (founding fathers) and responses
  • conservatism vs. liberalism
  • capitalism vs. socialism vs. communism
  • nationalism
23
Q

Politics in the Americas; Age of Industrialization

A
  • American Revolution (Jefferson, DOI)
  • U.S. expansion
  • suppression of Cherokees and other natives
  • Haitian Rebellion (Toussaint L’Ouverture)
  • Latin American wars of independence (Simon Bolivar)
24
Q

Economics in the Americas; Age of Industrialization

A
  • Industrial Revolution
  • free-market capitalism (U.S.)
  • financial instruments (stock exchange)
  • middle/working classes
  • economic imperialism
  • metals, petroleum, guano, fruit, coffee, sugar
25
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; Age of Industrialization

A
  • class diversification
  • reliance on slavery
  • migrations from Europe/Asia
  • emergence of feminism (Susan B. Anthony; Seneca Falls Convention)
  • industrialization and women (domestic sphere)
26
Q

HEI in the Americas; 1900-present

A
  • vaccinations
  • diseases associated with lifestyle (diabetes)
  • “dust bowl” crisis
  • environmentalism
27
Q

Culture in the Americas; 1900-present

A
  • mass media
  • religious fundamentalism
  • Americanization and Westernization of Latin America
28
Q

Politics in the Americas; 1900-present

A
  • U.S. sphere of influence in Latin America
  • Mexican Revolution
  • Cold War
  • authoritarianism
  • Cuban Revolution
29
Q

Economics in the Americas; 1900-present

A
  • Great Depression
  • New Deal
  • Bretton Woods system
  • globalization
  • economic crises (1970s, 2007)
30
Q

Social Structures in the Americas; 1900-present

A
  • social activism (Jim Crow laws)
  • ethnic violence
  • feminism (Betty Friedan)
  • gay and lesbian rights

WHAP (10 decks)

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