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Anatomy > Unit One Muscles of the Back > Flashcards

Unit One Muscles of the Back Flashcards

1
Q

Mastoid Process of the Skull

A

Important landmark for muscular attachments.

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2
Q

External Occipital Protuberance

A

Important Landmark for Muscular Attachments

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3
Q

Superior Nuchal Line

A

Definitions:
1. the ridge that extends laterally from the external occipital protuberance toward the lateral angle of the occipital bone; it gives attachment to the trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and splenius capitis muscles.

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4
Q

Ligamentum Nuchae

A

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5
Q

Spine of Cv7

A

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6
Q

Iliac Crest

A

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7
Q

Posterior Superior Ichiac Spine

A
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8
Q

Lateral Third of Clavicle

A

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9
Q

Scapula

A
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10
Q

Acromion Process

A

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11
Q

Why does skin leave a slit when punctured with a probe?

A

Langer’s Lines

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12
Q

Which layer of fascia has contains fatty deposits?

A

Superficial Fascia

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13
Q

What factors can affect the thickness of the superficial fascia?

A

Gender, Age, Nutrition, Sex Hormones

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14
Q

What layer of deep fascia encloses the deep muscles of the back?

A

thoracolumbar

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15
Q

Transverse Process

A
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16
Q

For the superficial muscles of the back, where do the majority insert? Originate?

A

Majority insert on the pectoral girdle or the humerus, and they originate from the axial skeleton.

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17
Q

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the trapezius.

A

origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of CV7-CV12

Insertion: upper fibersinsert on Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula; lower and medial fibers insert on the medial end of the spine of scapula

Action: Upper fibers elevate the shoulder, the middle fibers retract the shoulders, the upper and lower fibers together rotate the shoulder

Innervation: Accessory Nerve and C3 and C4 nerves

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18
Q

Trapezius

A
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19
Q

Does the trapezius work on the shoulder joint?

A

No, it does not cross the shoulder joint

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20
Q

What is the principle blood supply of the trapezius?

A

superficial cervical arteries

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21
Q

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the latissimus dorsi.

A

Origin: from the spinous processes of TV7 down to the back of the sacrum, from the crest of the ilium and from the lower ribs

Insertion: lesser tubercular ridge and interubercular sulcus of the humerus

Action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

inner vation: thoracodorsal nerve

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22
Q

imagine the latissimus dorsi

A
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23
Q

In the lumbar region, from where does the latissimus dorsi originate?

A

posterior lamella of the thoracolumbar fascia

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24
Q

What provides the blood supply for the latissimus dorsi?

A

thoracodorsal vessels

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25
Q

Provide the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the levator scapulae.

A

Origin: transverse processes of the upper four cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebral border of the scapula above the spine

Action: Elevates the scapula

Innervation: C3, C4 of the cervical plexus and dorsal scapular nerve

26
Q

Imagine the Levator Scapulae

A
27
Q

What provides the blood supply for the levator scapulae?

A

dorsal scapular vessels

28
Q

Provide the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the rhomboideus major.

A

origin: spinous processes from CV7-TV4
inserts: on the vertebral border of the scapula below the spine
action: retract the shoulder by drawing the scapulae toward one another
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

29
Q

Provide the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the rhomboideus minor.

A

Origin: from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae and the spine of CV7

Insertion: on the vertebral border of the scapula at the level of the spine

Action: retracts the shoulder by pulling scapulae together

innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

30
Q

What vessel supplies the rhomboidoids?

A

The dorsal scapular vessels

31
Q

Give the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the serratus poserior superior and inferior muscles.

A

origin: in the midline of the spinous processes
insertion: ribs
innervation: intercostal nerves
action: inspiration

32
Q

Imagine the rhomboideus muscles.

A
33
Q

Imagine the serratus posterior superior and inferior muscles

A
34
Q

What are the boundaries of the triangle of auscultation?

A

lateral: scapula
medial: trapezius muscle
inferior: latissimus dorsi

35
Q

What muscles are considered the deep muscles of the back?

A

The splenius capitis and cervicis, the erector spinae muscles, and the transversospinal muscles

36
Q

Where are the deep muscles of the back located?

A

in the vertebral grooves between the anterior and posterior lamellae of the thoracolumbar fascia

37
Q

What do the deep muscles of the back act on?

A

The vertebral column and the head

38
Q

From where do the splenius capitis and cervicis muscles originate?

A

the ligamentum nuchae and the spinous processes of CV7-TV6

39
Q

Where do the splenius capitis and the cervicis insert?

A

on the superior nuchal line, mastoid process, and transverse processes of cv2 and cv3

40
Q

How do the splenius capitis and the cervicis act?

A

togther: extend the head and neck
individually: turn the head

action of one muscle truns the head in the same direction as that muscle

41
Q

What innervates the splenius capitis and the cervicis muscles?

A

dorsal primary rami

42
Q

What is the action of the erector spinae muscles?

A

principle extensor of the back

43
Q

Imagine the splenius capitis and the cervicis muscles.

A
44
Q

imagine the erector spinae muscles.

A
45
Q

What innervates the erector spinae?

A

dorsal primary rami

46
Q

What are the three columns of the erector spinae?

A

spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

47
Q

What muscle groups compose the transversospinal muscles?

A

The semispinalis, the multifidus, and the rotator muscles

48
Q

Imagine the multifidus muscle

A
49
Q

Imagine the rotator muscles. What is the main function of the rotator muscles?

A

they look like little triangles moving upward, they rotate the trunk.

50
Q

What innervates the transversospinal group of muscles?

A

dorsal primary rami

51
Q

What is found within the suboccipital triangle?

A

the vertebral artery

52
Q

Visualize the suboccipital triangle

A
53
Q

What muscles compose the suboccipital triangle?

A

The inferior oblique, the superioroblique, the rectus capitus posterior minor, and the rectus capitus posterior major.

54
Q

From where does the inferior oblique muscle originate? Where does it insert?

A

Originates from the CV2, inserts on the transverse process of CV1

55
Q

From where dose the superior oblique muscle orginate? Where does it insert?

A

Origiinates from the transverse process of CV1. Inserts on the occipital bone.

56
Q

From where does the rectus capitus minor originate? Where does it insert?

A

(originates from the posterior tubercle of CV1, inserts on the Occipital bone)

57
Q

From where does the rectus capitus posterior major muscle originate? Where does it insert?

A

It originates from the spinous process of CV2. It inserts on the occipital bone.

58
Q

What innervates the muscles of the suboccipital triangle?

A

The suboccipital nerve.

59
Q

What is the action of the muscles of the suboccipital triangle?

A

As a whole, the muscles extend the head and rotate it and the atlas toward the same side.

60
Q

How does the vertebral artery run?

A

Runs through the transverse foramen of the CV6 through CV1, pases posterially and medially to the superior articular process of CV1. Turns anteriorlly and superiorly through the foramen magnum and into the skull.

61
Q

Which ramus of the suboccipital nerve enervates the suboccipital triangle?

A

The dorsal ramus

Anatomy (16 decks)

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