Unit 12 Anterior Hand

Question 1

What are the landmarks of the anterior hand?

Answer 1

Thenar eminence, hypothenar eminence

Question 2

What is the Thenar eminence?

Answer 2

The swelling at the base of the thumb

Question 3

What is the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 3

Swelling at the base of the little finger.

Question 4

How is the deep fascia of the palm continuous with the antebrachial fascia?

Answer 4

Palmar carpal ligament

Question 5

What are the three deep fascias of the hand?

Answer 5

Thenar, hypothenar, palmar aponeurosis

Question 6

What three muscles originate on the lateral end of the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 6

Abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis

Question 7

What innervates the three muscles that originate from the lateral end of the flexor retinaculum? What is their vascular supply?

Answer 7

All innervated by the recurrent branch of the medial nerve, all receive blood from the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

Question 8

Where is the insertion of the abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 8

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx

Question 9

Where is the insertion of the opponens pollicis?

Answer 9

Along the shaft of first metacarpal

Question 10

Where is the insertion of the flexor pollicis brevis?

Answer 10

Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 11

Which three muscles have their origin on the medial portion of the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 11

Abductor digiti minimi (quinti), opponens digiti minimi (quinti), flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 12

What provides innervation to the three muscles originating from the medial portion of the flexor retinaculum? What supplies blood?

Answer 12

Deep branch of ulnar nerve, superficial and deep branches of the ulnar artery

Question 13

Where does the abductor digiti minimi insert?

Answer 13

Medial side of base of proximal phalanx

Question 14

Where does the opponens digiti minimi insert?

Answer 14

Medial side of entire 5th metacarpal

Question 15

Where does the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle insert?

Answer 15

With abductor minimi muscle

Question 16

What is the origin of the four lumbrical muscles?

Answer 16

From tendons of flexor digitorum profundus, pass lateral to the digit they serve

Question 17

Where do the 4 lumbrical muscles insert?

Answer 17

Radial side of extensor tendons

Question 18

What is the action of the 4 lumbrical muscles?

Answer 18

Help flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints

Question 19

What innervates the lumbricals?

Answer 19

Lateral two lumbricals innervated by median nerve and lateral two lumbricals innervated by the ulnar nerve

Question 20

What is the origin of the adductor pollicis muscle?

Answer 20

2nd, 3rd, and 4th metacarpal bones and oblique heads from capitate

Question 21

Where does the adductor pollicis insert?

Answer 21

Medial side of first phalanx of thumb

Question 22

What kind of muscles are the three palmar interosseous muscles?

Answer 22

Adductors

Question 23

What is the origin of the three palmar interosseous muscles?

Answer 23

Metacarpal bone

Question 24

What is the insertion of the three palmar interosseous muscles?

Answer 24

Base of proximal phalanx and base of extensor tendon acted upon

Question 25

What is the function of the four dorsal interosseous muscles?

Answer 25

Abduction

Question 26

What is the origin of the 4 dorsal interosseous muscles?

Answer 26

Adjacent metacarpals

Question 27

What is the insertion for the 4 dorsal interosseous muscles?

Answer 27

on base of proximal phalanx and extensor tendon

Question 28

What provides innervation for the adductor-interosseous muscles?

Answer 28

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 29

What artery supplies the adductor-interosseous muscles?

Answer 29

deep palmar artery and branches

Question 30

What are the two synovial sheaths of the flexors of the hand?

Answer 30

ulnar bursa and radial bursa

Question 31

What are the two fascial clefts of the hand?

Answer 31

midpalmar cleft (medially), thenar cleft (laterally)

Question 32

What are the radial artery branches in the hand?

Answer 32

1. princeps pollicis artery 2. radialis indicis artery 3. deep palmar arch - connection between deep radial and ulnar arteries 4. palmar metacarpal arteries 5. perforating and recurrent branches

Question 33

What are the ulnar arteries of the hand?

Answer 33

1. deep branch 2. superficial palmar arch 3 common and proper palmar digital arteries

Question 34

From where do the palmar arteries arise? What do they become?

Answer 34

three common arise from the superficial palmar arch, divide into the proper palmar digital arteries

Question 35

What are the three branches of the median nerve in the hand?

Answer 35

palmar cutaneous, recurrent muscular, common and proper palmar digital nerves

Question 36

What are the three branches of the ulnar nerve in the hand?

Answer 36

1. palmar cutaneous branch - given off in forearm 2. superficial palmar branch - sensory to medial 1 1⁄2 fingers 3. deep palmar branch - motor to all the muscles