Unit 9 Study Guide Flashcards
Describe plants
Autotrophic
Multicellular
Immotile
Cell walls made of cellulose
What is the photosynthesis equation?
6CO(2)+ 6H(2)O= C(6)H(12)O(6)+ 6O(2)
What are the four tissues and what is their main job?
Dermal- protect
Vascular- transport
Ground- structure, storage, photosynthesis
Meristem- growth
Describe photosynthesis
- Sunlight is used to charge a battery molecule (NADPH)
- Rubisco attaches carbon dioxide to molecule in chloroplast.
- The battery from before is used to convert this into sugar.
Bryophyte
“Moss plant”
Moss
Tracheophyte
” tube plant”
Ferns
Gymnosperm
” naked seed”
Conifers
Angiosperm
” vesseled seed”
Flowering plants
Example of Spore producer plant
Fern
Example of seed producing plant
Conifer
What is the structure of a fern? (Fronds and fiddleheads)
Frond- a leaf of a fern
Fiddlehead- a. Juvenile frond
What is a use that man has for ferns?
Ferns are excellent air cleaners
Conifers
“cone bearer”
Conifers are gymnosperms and are seeded plants
What is the purpose of resin?
Resin defend the tree from insects that would try to eat it. It also defends the tree from fungi.
What is the ecology and human uses for conifers?
Ecology- conifers can handle the snow and fold. Therefore they live in the north. They do better there.
Human uses- conifer wood is used as soft wood. Some conifers are useful for food
Name two examples of plants with dichotomous vascular tissue.
Ginkgo
Whisk fern
The basics of angiosperms
” vesseled seed”
Covered seeds
Vascular tissue
Includes: flowering plants
Structure and function of roots
Structure- consists of large parts and thousands of root hairs. Large surface area
Function- provide structure, absorb water for the plant, absorb good stuff, leaves bad stuff.
Know the structure and function of stems.
Structure- consists of large amounts of vascular tissue. Storage space inside the stems is called pith.
Function- storage, support
Know the structure and functions of leaves
Structure-
Cuticle- dermal tissue
Epidermis- dermal tissue
Mesophyll- Middle layer, photosynthesis
Palisade Mesophyll- Top layer
Spongy Mesophyll- bottom layer
Function- organs of photosynthesis, gas exchange, allows water to leave and gas to enter
Two leaf arrangements
Simple vs compound
Know the three stem arrangements
Opposite vs alternate vs whorled
Know the leaf blade shapes
Entire vs serrate vs toothed vs lobed
Know the leaf vein arrangements
Parallel vs pinate vs palmate vs dichotomous
Know the structure and function of flowers
Structure-
Sepals- protect developing flower bud
Stamen- male part
Pistil- female part
Petal- attract pollinators
Function- sexual reproduction to produce new seeds and ultimately new plants
Drupes
One fruit, one stone, one seed
Peaches, cherries, plums, coconuts, walnuts, almonds, peaches
Berries
One fruit, soft, several seeds
Blueberries kiwi banana coffee, tomato pomegranate grapes
Nuts
One hard fruit
Chestnut acorn hickory
Legumes
Dry pod which splits in two
Peas peanuts beans
Pomes
Fleshy fruit, thin skin
Apples, pears
Hesperidium
Citrus
Oranges lemons limes
Samara
Winged seeds
Maple tree seeds
Grain
Seed with very thin attached coating
Corn rye wheat barley
Pepo
Like a berry but with an especially thick rind
Pumpkins cucumbers, watermelon squash cantaloupe
Aggregate fruit
Cluster of fruit parts with many seeds developed from one flower with several ovaries
Strawberry raspberry blackberry
Multiple fruit
Several flowers ovaries combine
Pineapple, fig, Mulberry, Osage orange, breadfruit
