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Honors Biology > Unit 5 Study Guide > Flashcards

Unit 5 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Through what system does the body transport oxygen?

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

Give five ways in which the cardiovascular system maintains Homeostasis

A
  • body temperature
  • blood pressure
  • blood volume
  • maintain biological pH
  • protect body from Invaders
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3
Q

How many chambers are there in the heart? And our Atria on the top or the bottom of the heart?

A

Four
Top

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4
Q

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs and which side goes to the body?

A

Blood-> lungs= Right side
Blood-> body= Left side

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5
Q

Arteries carry blood__________ the heart.

A

From

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6
Q

What is the job of capillaries?

A

To exchange gases

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7
Q

What is dissolved in plasma?

A

Proteins and antibodies

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8
Q

What is the job of all the red blood cell?

A

To carry oxygen

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9
Q

What is the job of a white blood cell?

A

Protect the body by killing viruses and bacteria

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10
Q

What do platelets help with?

A

Clotting the blood

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11
Q

What is the difference between a close and open circulatory system? Give an example of a creature that has each. Which one do humans have?

A

Open circulatory system:
-Blood flows freely through Open spaces
- grasshoppers

Close circulatory system
- blood remains within vessels throughout its circulation
- mammals and humans

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12
Q

What is brought into the body and removed from the body by respiration?

A

Brought into the body: Oxygen
Removed from the body: carbon dioxide

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13
Q

Why do we have mucus?

A
  • filters germs
  • moistens the air
  • traps, dust and bacteria
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14
Q

What goes through the pharynx?

A

Food and Air

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15
Q

What is the name of the door that keeps food out of the lungs?

A

Glottis

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16
Q

The voice box is called

A

Larynx

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17
Q

True or false: The lungs are just basically two large balloons

A

False

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18
Q

What creature has a more efficient respiratory system than we do?

A

Birds

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19
Q

Give the five functions of the digestive system, for each given example of where in the system it occurs.

A
  • mechanical digestion
    • chew with teeth
  • secretion
    • making enzymes
  • chemical digestion
    • acid denaturing proteins from Burger
  • absorption
    • Small intestine
  • elimination
    • body removes waste
20
Q

How is food mostly chemically digested? Acid or enzymes?

A

Enzymes

21
Q

What is the job of the small intestine?

A

Here, food from the stomach is mixed with many enzymes from the pancreas

22
Q

Large intestine job is

A

Remove water from feces

23
Q

What are the two jobs of the pancreas?

A

Makes enzymes
Makes insulin

24
Q

Give four functions of the liver

A
  • makes bile
  • allows animals to store glucose
  • makes clotting Factor proteins
  • breaks down and recycles old blood cells
25
Q

What are the three functions of kidneys?

A
  • cleans the blood by removing waste
  • control fluid levels
  • balance minerals in blood
26
Q

Urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder via the:

A

Ureters

27
Q

Urine leaves the body through:

A

The urethra

28
Q

What is the job of the spleen?

A

The spleen is a “guard post” and watches for infections. It also makes fetal blood and stores blood in adults.

29
Q

What do lymph nodes do?

A

Keep watch over your blood

30
Q

What’s the function of tonsils and the appendix?

A

Act as a defense barrier by trapping and fighting off bacteria and viruses

31
Q

What is an allergy?

A

An inflammatory response to something not usually considered dangerous

32
Q

Give the two major functions of the endocrine system

A

Makes hormones, which are used for:
Homeostasis- Short-Term change
Puberty- Long term change

33
Q

What do gonads release?

A

Sex Hormones

34
Q

What does the pancreas release? And what is wrong with diabetics concerning insulin?

A

Insulin
Diabetics either don’t make enough insulin or don’t make any at all.

35
Q

Give the two primary sex organs of males and females respectively

A

Ovaries and testes

36
Q

The testes make:

A

Sperm and testosterone

37
Q

The ovaries release:

A

Estrogen and eggs

38
Q

What is made by the seminal vesicles?

A

Semen

39
Q

What is made by the prostate?

A

Antacid

40
Q

What is made by the bulbourethral glands?

A

Lubricant

41
Q

What is the job of the penis, reproductively?

A

Getting sperm inside a vagina

42
Q

What is the purpose of fallopian tubes?

A

Eggs pass through and fertilization occurs

43
Q

What is shed during a girl’s period?

A

Endometrium (the tissue that lines the uterus)

44
Q

What passes through the cervix?

A

Sperm, menstrual fluid

45
Q

The external reproductive anatomy of a female is collectively known as the:

A

Vulva

46
Q

Is it possible for large foreign objects to pass the cervix into the uterus?

A

No

47
Q

What is the job of mammary glands? (Boobs)

A

Make, store, and release milk to feed a baby
(Lactation)

Honors Biology (7 decks)

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