Unit 9- Plant Biology

Question 1

the joining of two different substances due to attractive forces that hold them, such as keeping the water drops on the surfaces of leaves.

Answer 1

Adhesive property

Question 2

a tube of small internal diameter that holds liquid by capillary action.

Answer 2

Capillary tubing

Question 3

the sticking together of similar molecules, such as one water molecule being attracted to another water molecule. It also causes water molecules to form drops.

Answer 3

Cohesive property

Question 4

net movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential.

Answer 4

Osmosis

Question 5

a device used for measuring the rate of water uptake of a plant due to photosynthesis and transpiration.

Answer 5

Potometer

Question 6

the force created by evaporation of water coupled with the cohesive and adhesive forces in plants, enough to support a column of water against the forces of gravity in plants and trees.

Answer 6

Water tension

Question 7

the loss of water by evaporation in terrestrial plants, especially through the stomata (accompanied by a corresponding water uptake from the roots).

Answer 7

Transpiration

Question 8

the woody tissue which supports and transport water in vascular plants.

Answer 8

Xylem

Question 9

a transport mechanism where ions or molecules move against a concentration gradient, this movement requires energy.

Answer 9

Active transport

Question 10

the stress that develops when solutions containing different concentrations of solute in a common solvent are separated by a membrane that is permeable to the solvent, but not the solute.

Answer 10

Hydrostatic pressure gradient

Question 11

the incapability of water to lose volume in response to pressure.

Answer 11

Incompressibility of water

Question 12

the diffusion of fluid through a semi-permeable membrane from a solution with a low solute concentration to a solution with a higher solute concentration until there is an equal concentration of fluid on both sides of the membrane.

Answer 12

Osmosis

Question 13

the food-conducting tissue of vascular plants that conducts synthesized nutrients to different parts of the plants.

Answer 13

Phloem

Question 14

an element of phloem tissue consisting of a longitudinal row of thin-walled elongated cells with perforations in their connecting walls through which food materials pass.

Answer 14

Sieve tubes

Question 15

a plant hormone that causes the elongation of cells in shoots and is involved in regulating plant growth.

Answer 15

Auxin

Question 16

a region of plant tissue, found chiefly at the growing tips of roots and shoots and in the cambium, consisting of actively dividing cells forming new tissue.

Answer 16

Meristem

Question 17

the propagation of plants by growing plantlets in tissue culture and then planting them out.

Answer 17

Micropropagation

Question 18

the tip of a shoot, the apical or lateral shoot meristematic dome together with the leaf primordial, from which emerge the leaves and sub-adjacent stem tissue.

Answer 18

Shoot apex

Question 19

the main body or stalk of a plant or shrub, typically rising above ground, but occasionally subterranean.

Answer 19

Stem

Question 20

the turning or bending movement of an organism or a part of an organism toward or away from an external stimulus, such as light, heat, or gravity.

Answer 20

Tropisms

Question 21

the action or process of fertilizing an egg or a female animal or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.

Answer 21

Fertilization

Question 22

the process of producing conspicuous flowers.

Answer 22

Flowering

Question 23

an association between organisms of two different species in which each member benefits.

Answer 23

Mutualistic relationship

Question 24

the process of transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a plant.

Answer 24

Pollination

Question 25

the tip of a shoot, the apical or lateral shoot meristematic dome together with the leaf primordial, from which emerge the leaves and sub-adjacent stem tissue.

Answer 25

Shoot apex