Unit 9: Part 3

Question 1

Adolescence

Answer 1

The transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence

Question 2

Puberty

Answer 2

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing

Question 3

Lawrence Kohlberg

Answer 3

Posed moral dilemma, three basic levels to moral thinking - preconventional, conventional, postconventional

Question 4

Preconvental morality

Answer 4

Before 9, children show morality to avoid punishment or gain reward

Question 5

Conventional morality

Answer 5

By early adolescence, social rules and laws are upheld for their own sake

Question 6

Postconventional morality

Answer 6

Affirms people’s agreed upon rights of following personally perceived ethical principles

Question 7

Identity

Answer 7

Our sense of self; according to Erickson, the adolescents task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles

Question 8

Social identity

Answer 8

The “we” aspects of our self concept; the part of our answer to “who am I?” That comes from our groups memberships

Question 9

Erik Erickson

Answer 9

Famous developmental psychologist who created an 8 stage theory of psychosocial development

Question 10

Intimacy

Answer 10

In Erickson’s theory, the ability to form close, loving relationships: a primary developmental task in young adulthood

Question 11

Emerging adulthood

Answer 11

A period from about 18 to mid 20’s, when many western cultures are no long adolescents but have not yet achieved full independence as adults

Question 12

X chromosome

Answer 12

The sex chromosome found in both males and females. Females have two

Question 13

Y chromosome

Answer 13

The sex chromosome found only in males

Question 14

Testosterone

Answer 14

The most important male sex hormone

Question 15

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 15

The body structures (ovaries, testes, external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

Question 16

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 16

Non-reproductive sexual traits, such as female breasts and hips, and male voice quality and body hair

Question 17

Spermarche

Answer 17

First ejaculation

Question 18

Menarche

Answer 18

First menstrual period

Question 19

Intersex

Answer 19

A condition present at birth due to unusual combinations to male and female chromosomes, hormones, and anatomy (sex characteristics of both sexes)

Question 20

AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

Answer 20

A life-threatening sexually transmitted infection caused by HIV. Depletes immune system, leaving more vulnerable to infections

Question 21

Sexual orientation

Answer 21

Our enduring sexual attraction usually (bi, homo, heterosexual)

Question 22

Menopause

Answer 22

The time of natural cessation of mensuration; also refers to biological changes a women experiences as her ability to reproduce declines

Question 23

Cross-sectional study

Answer 23

Research that studies people of different ages at the same point in time

Question 24

Longitudinal study

Answer 24

Research that follows and retests the same people over time

Question 25

Neurocognitve disorders (NCOs)

Answer 25

Acquired (not lifeline) disorders marked by cognitive deficiencies related to Alzheimer’s, brain disease or injury, formally called dementia

Question 26

Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 26

A neurocognitive disorder marked by neural plaques, often with onset after age of 80 and entailing a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive abilities

Question 27

Social clock

Answer 27

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement