Unit 11: Part 1 Flashcards
Intelligence
The ability to learn from experience, solve problems and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Charles Spearman
Everyone possesses an overall general mental ability “g-factor” (“G”)
General Intelligence (g)
According to spearman, it underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
Factor analysis
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test;used to determine G
L.L. Thurstone
Rejected g factor and identified 7 clusters of primary mental abilities
Howard Gardner
Identified 8 relatively independent intelligences
Savant Syndrome
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing
Robert Sternberg
Triarchic theory proposes 3 intelligences (analytical, creative and practical)
Grit
Passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long term goals
Emotional intelligence
The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
Intelligence test
A method for assessing an individuals mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical values
Achievement tests
A test designed to assess what a person has learned
Aptitude tests
A test designed to predict a person’s future performance
Alfred Binet
Commissioned by the French government to design fair and unbiased intelligence tests to administer to French schoolchildren
Mental age
A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the level of performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age
Lewis Terman
Stanfords professor modified binets tests for use as a numerical measure of inherited intelligence
Stanford-Binet
The widely used American revision (by terman at Stanford university) of Binets original intelligence test
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiples by 100 (thus, IQ =ma/ca X 100
Reliability
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, an alternative forms of the test or on retesting
Validity
The extent to which a test predicts or measures what it is supposed to
