Unit 9 Flashcards
4 branches of ABA
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
Behavior Analysis Service Delivery a.k.a. ABA Practice
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
behavior analysis’s basic research.
EAB
It uses cumulative records, manipulation of variables, and automated recording.
EAB
Goal of this branch of behavior analysis: Discovery of basic principles and processes in the laboratory
EAB
4 methodologies of EAB
Direct, repeated measurement of behavior
Rate of response as the basic datum, instead of number of errors or percent
Visual inference (graphing) instead of statistical inference
Within subject comparisons instead of group designs
is the design, implementation, and evaluation of systematic environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvements in human behavior.
ABA
our applied research
ABA
Goal: Development and validation of procedures to produce socially significant change in the real world
ABA
The main goal of ABA practice is to
help other persons to achieve their outcomes.
ABA v. ABA practice
Many say if it is ABA then it meets the criteria for all seven dimensions
ABA is applied research or, at least, rigorous program evaluation
ABA more rigorous, more analytic
Deals with philosophical, theoretical, and other conceptual issues.
Also deals with the history of our discipline as it relates to the above matters.
Informs EAB, ABA research and practice so that they are conceptually systematic.
Conceptual Analysis
The set of assessment and behavior change procedures validated by ABA researchers.
behavioral technology
Strives to discover basic principles of behavior in controlled laboratory setting:
EAB
Interrelates EAB, ABA, and ABA Practice
Conceptual analysis of behavior:
True or false:
Conceptual Analysis of behavior focuses on taking an empirical approach on behavior in terms of environmental and genetic variables
True
Radical Behaviorism provides the basic foundation for our conceptual analysis
True or False
True
“Private events are critically important subjects of study in their own right.”
radical behaviorism
Methodological behaviorism rejects private events in the analysis of behavior.
True or false
True
True or false
EAB uses statistical analysis of behavior change from phase to phase
false
Use of empirical identification of functional relations between behavior and environmental events in the natural environment
ABA
Sandra is teaching echoics using a validated procedure. Her client is learning rapidly and Sandra is very happy with the results of her teaching. She does not try to demonstrate experimental control by using a multiple baseline design or any other method. Sandra is engaging in:
ABA practice
True or false
Diagnosis is an application of ABA.
False
7 dimensions of ABA
Applied Behavioral Analytic Technological Effective Conceptually Systematic Generality (GET A CAB)
dimension of ABA:
socially significant
applied
dimension of ABA:
behavior is focus, not a symptom!
behavioral
dimension of ABA:
Systematic manipulation
analytic
dimension of ABA:
provide detailed written descriptions of our procedures so they can be implemented accurately and replicated by others
technological
dimension of ABA:
“If it doesn’t work, change it!” or, “Let your data be your guide!”
effective
dimension of ABA:
consistent with fundamental principles of behavior
conceptually systematic
dimension of ABA:
works for more than a few!
generality
analytic vs effective
Both are characterized by use of data and graphs, but….
ANALYTIC focuses on using these analytic tools and systematic manipulation to ESTABLISH FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
EFFECTIVE focuses on using analytic tools to ADJUST TREATMENT as needed
true or false
Empiricism is one of the 7 dimensions of ABA.
false
When writing my behavior plan, I make sure to list all the procedures precisely and with enough detail so that anyone can implement the plan. Thus ABA is:
technological
Rather than focusing on Luke’s “issues” with his father through many counseling sessions, I work with him on manding for attention to replace aggressive behavior. Thus ABA is:
behavioral
While teaching tacts, I make sure to exclude items such as a VHS and a tape player because the client is unlikely to contact these items in the natural environment. Thus ABA is:
applied
While implementing my behavior plan, I take data, graph it, and discover that the deceleration data are not decreasing, so I change some components of the plan, then take data and see that decel data do decrease. This exemplifies which dimension:
effective
I conduct several observations and manipulate antecedent conditions in order to hypothesize a function for the behavior. Thus ABA is:
analytic
I make sure to teach John how to ask for help in different settings, with different people, so that he is now able to ask for help whenever he needs it. This demonstrates which dimension?
generality
Mrs. Simpson wants Bart to stop watching violent shows on television, so I suggest giving attention, praise, and snacks contingent on watching appropriate shows, based on what I know about positive reinforcement. Thus ABA is:
conceptually systematic
Past and current behavior is explained as a function of environmental contingencies
The processes involved are variation and selection at the operant and cultural levels
Environmental Explanations
Refer to hypothetical constructs from a dimension that is inferred to be inside the organism
“Mental”, cognitive, spiritual, subjective
Rely on circular reasoning
Include traits (lazy, shy), states (angry), attitudes (pro-choice), diagnostic categories (ADHD)
mentalistic explanations
Future events, mistakenly, are used to explain behavior.
In order to…
Trying to get…
He will…
teleological explanations
types of explanatory fictions
mentalistic and teleological
Examples of Other Hypothetical Constructs
Expectancies Knowing Understanding Memory Processing Self-control Will power
Which of the following is not a type of explanatory fiction?
Teleological explanation
Mentalism/Hypothetical construct
Circular explanation
None; all are types of explanatory fictions
NONE
Which of the following is an explanatory fiction? X = John does no work because he is lazy Y = Miguel works because in the past it has resulted in money
X
Explanatory Fiction or
Environmental Explanation
He can’t sit still because he has ADHD.
explanatory fiction
Explanatory Fiction or
Environmental Explanation
He doesn’t stay in his seat because in the past he has gotten out of class-work when he has been out of his seat.
Environmental Explanation
Explanatory Fiction or
Environmental Explanation
The rat pressed the lever when the light came on because he has done many trials where food has only been available when the light is on.
Environmental Explanation
Explanatory Fiction or
Environmental Explanation
The rat presses the lever when the light comes on because he knows food is available only when the light is on.
Explanatory Fiction
All of the following are determinants of behavior except:
Past environmental events Current environmental events Genetics and organic variables The reinforcer that will be delivered No exception: All are determinants of behavior
The reinforcer that will be delivered
