Unit 8: 20th-Century Global Conflicts Flashcards
8.2: World War I
What were the four leading causes of World War I?
Zachary Brown
The four leading causes of World War I were Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism. (MAIN)
8.3: Russian Revolution and Its Effects
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Zachary Brown
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty between Russia and Germany. In exchange for Russia’s leaving World War I, Germany received Russia’s western territory.
8.8: World War II
What was the New Order?
Zachary Brown
The New Order was the Nazi vision of using racial imperialism in Europe to create and unite a superior German race.
8.2
What was the type of war employed during WWI?
Anna
Trench warfare was used which was characterized by slow moving, violent warfare in trenches.
8.8
What were the different alliances during WW2?
Anna
The Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan
The Allied Powers: USA, Great Britain, Soviet Union
8.4
What were provisions of the Treaty of Versailles?
Anna
War guilt clause, league of nations, reparations from Germany, and demilitarization of the rhineland.
8.2 World War I
What were the alliances in WWI?
Jaelyn Yu
Triple Entente: Russia, UK, and France
Triple Alliance: Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy
Later -
Central Powers: Austria-Hungary, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire
8.3 Russian Revolution and Its Effects
What did the October Revolution of 1917 do?
Jaelyn Yu
It helped Lenin gain traction and spread Marxist ideology and eventually led to the appointment of Lenin as leader.
What was a significant consequence of World War I for the political landscape of Europe?
The dissolution of empires, including the Austro-Hungarian, Russian, Ottoman, and German empires
Which events most directly contributed to the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe during the interwar period?
The economic devastation caused by the Great Depression
What is Facsism?
Kyanna
An authoritarian nationalist ideology that promotes dictorial rule and militarism.
What was blitzkrieg?
Kyanna
“lightning war” It was an aggressive military tactic used by Nazi Germany to overwhelm the enemy quickly and not give them the chance to mount a strong defense.
What was the goal of appeasment in the 1930s?
Kyanna
To avoid another war by conforming to Hitler’s demands
What was the “New Order?”
Jonah
The New order was the social and political plans to carry out Hitlers racial hygiene (holocaust), and German colonization.
What was the result of Great Britain’s Dreadnought?
It started an arms race between Germany and Great Britain.
8.5 Global Economic Crisis
What was the Dawes Plan?
Jaelyn Yu
A plan formulated by Charles Dawes where the US would loan Germany money in order for them to work to pay off their debts outlines in the Treaty of Versailles. In turn, Europe would be able to pay the US back for its help during WWI.
What was the Enabling Act?
The Enabling Act gave Hitler doctoral power for 4 years
How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany?
It forced Germany to accept full responsibly for WW1, stripped it of its colonies, and limited its military size.
What role did new technology play in WW2?
Cole
New weapons like machine guns, poison gas, tanks, and airplanes made the war deadlier and prolonged stalemates.
How did Mussolini gain power in Italy?
By capitalizing on postwar instability and using the Blackshirts to intimidate opponents, leading to the March on Rome
What battle is considered the turning point of WW2 in Eastern Europe?
The Battle of Stalingrad
What was the Luftwaffe and how did it go against the Treaty of Versailles?
Riley B.
The Luftwaffe was the German air force that was created in order to gain a bigger military force and to control the skies from the Soviet air force. It was created in secret in 1935 because of the Treaty of Versailles, which forced Germany to be demilitarized.
How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany?
The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to accept responsibility for WW1, stripped Germany of its colonies and limited its military size.
What was the Enabling Act?
The Enabling Act gave Hitler doctoral power for 4 years.
Who were the Brownshirts?
Riley B.
The brownshirts were the original paramilitary organization under Hitler. They helped Hitler rise to power by providing protection, intimidating the opposing parties, and fighting the other paramilitary of the opposing parties.
What was the event that started World War 1?
Riley B.
The main event that started World War 1 was the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28 1914.
Why did the United States enter WW2?
Conall
The Empire of Japan attacked Pearl Harbor
Why was Great Britain able to hold out against the Nazis?
Great Britain’s position as an island allowed it to withstand the Nazi advance
How was the Nazi advance in Russia halted?
Much like Napoleon, Hitler’s invasion of Russia was undermined by the advance of winter
What was the concept of appeasement, and how did it affect the war?
Appeasement was when Britain and France chose to give Germany what it wanted instead of fighting it, hoping that it would cause Germany to stop expanding. This affected the war by giving Germany a lot of new land as well as time to rebuild their forces and helped them be so powerful.
What was Kristallnatch, and what was its significance?
Kristallnatch, aslo known as the knight of broken glass, was a night where in germany hundred of nazi gangs went around destroying cinagogues and jewish owned stores, stealing tones of stuff from the stores. Also thousands of jews were arrested and they were forced to pay for all the damages the nazis caused. The significance of this night was that it showed the beginning of how radical Germany was going to take their racial hygiene.
What was the Armenian genocide, and what was its significance?
The Armenian genocide was an attempt by the Ottoman Empire to wipe out all the Armenians from their territory. This was inspired by a wide range of new racist and nationalistic ideologies that were circling around Europe.
Why was the Wehrmacht so successful in the early stages of the war, despite being outnumbered by Britain and France?
The modern German tactics like the Blitzkrieg and combined arms lead to a quick French defeat.
When did WW2 start.
On September first, 1939 with the German invasion of Poland.
Why did Hitler invade the eastern European countries?
He wanted to create living space (Lebensraum) for the German people.
