Unit 3: Absolutism

Question 1

Dutch Netherlands

What led to the decline of absolutism in Spain?

Spain

Answer 1

Habsburgs not having a true heir.

Question 2

Kyanna, Parker, Conall

What led to the decline of absolutism in France?

France

Answer 2

Losing Spanish War of Succession ( global power )

Question 3

What were the major differences between Prussia and France?

Answer 3

Prussia: freedom of religion, independent economy, powerful ministers and government officials, powerful legal system, powerful generals

France: catholicism only, mercantilism controlled by the king, all power at the king (l’état c’est moi)

Question 4

Russia

What did Peter the Great require of Russia for westernization?

Katie, Riley, and Zach

Answer 4

1. Beard Tax
2. Wear European clothing
3. Expanded the military by drafting nobles

Question 5

Russia

What was the Partition of Poland?

Riley, Zach, and Katie

Answer 5

Russia, Prussia and Austria signed a petition to split Poland three times, which eventually led to the disappearance of Poland.

Question 6

How did the Spanish Habsburgs gain control of much of the modern Netherlands, Belgium Luxembourg?

Liam Mattox

Answer 6

The Spanish Netherlands were acquired by the Habsburgs through strategic marriage between Maximillian, son of Frederick III, and Mary of Burgundy in 1477. The territories were eventually inherited by Charles V and later his son, Phillip II.

Question 7

Why did the Dutch begin to revolt under Spanish rule?

Liam Mattox

Answer 7

The Dutch revolted because the governor of the Spanish Netherlands appointed by Phillip II, the Duke of Alba, restricted trade in the Spanish Netherlands by engaging in a trade war with England , persecuted Dutch Protestants, and raised heavy taxes.

Question 8

Why did the Dutch come to dominate global trade during the 17th century?

Liam Mattox

Answer 8

The Dutch were able to Dominate global trade during the 17th century through policies favorable to commerce, a state sponsored merger of six shipping companies to form the VOC (Dutch East India Company), and gaining a monopoly on spices through intervention in local politics in Asia and Africa.

Question 9

Prussia

What was the goal of the Habsburgs after their failure at imperial dominance?

Answer 9

unification of eastern europe.

Question 10

Parker, Conall and Kyanna

Who was the last Spanish absolutist ruler?

Spain

Answer 10

Charles II

Question 11

Who was the philosopher, Frederick the Great (King of Prussia) had an excellent relationship with and what was the movement they were both very fascinated by?

Answer 11

Voltaire, enlightenment

Question 12

France

How was Louis XIV considered an absolute monarch?

Katie, Riley, and Zach

Answer 12

He revoked the Edict of Nantes, required all nobles to spend time at Versailles, and grew the French military by using modern techniques.

Question 14

What was one of the major causes of the English Civil War?

Answer 14

James I and Charles I’s many disagreements with parliament on their right to absolute power were a foundational cause

Question 15

Who took over following the English Civil and what was his government?

Answer 15

Oliver Cromwell took over with his Militaristic Puritan Protectorate government from 1653-1658.

Question 16

What was the glorious revolution?

Answer 16

The glorious revolution was the peaceful transfer of power from James II to William and Mary following James II’s violation of the Test Act.

Question 17

What is the divine right of kings?

Answer 17

This is the belief that rulers were chosen by god and shouldn’t be subject to earthly authority. This principle was the basis of the reason for absolute rule.

Question 18

What was the palace that allowed Louis XIV to flaunt and enforce his absolute power?

Answer 18

The Palace of Versailles was Louis’ home and center of government that helped him to enforce his absolutist rule.

Question 19

Russia

Who were the Cossacks and what did they do?

Katie, Riley, and Zach

Answer 19

They were a warrior group made up of peasants and serfs that fought back for better rights.