Unit 4: The Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment (1648-1815) Flashcards
unit 4.3
What was Rousseau’s main work and what was the belief it described?
Abe
The social contract detailed that a monarchs people gives up some of their freedom intern for protection.
4.2
What was copernicus’s theory and what did it traditional theory did it challenge?
Abe
He created the heliocentrisim theory, in which every planet revolved around the sun, and it contradicted the tradiditional theory of geocentrism in which everything revolved around the earth.
How did the Enlightenement impact women?
Kyanna
authors/philosophers like Mary Wollstoncraft advocated for women’s education and equality.
How did Enlightenment ideas influence Politics?
Kyanna
It inspired revolutions, ideas of natural rights, social contracts, and criticism of absolutism.
How did Francis Bacon and Rene Decartes have differing approaches to knowledge?
Kyanna
Bacon used inductive reasoning and empirical evidence while Decartes used deductive reasoning and rationalism
What were Kepler’s main contributions to the scientific revolution?
Jameson
Kepler affirmed Copernican heliocentricism while also setting forth the idea that the planets orbit the sun in an elliptical power
What did were Galen’s medical beliefs?
Jameson
Galen popularized the idea body being made up of four humors, the humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and flem.
What were Paracelsus’ ideas and how did they challenge the Humoral thoery?
Jameson
Paracelsus’ ideas were centered on the idea that illness was caused by chemical imbalances in the body and could be remedied using chemical, this challenged humoral theory by rejecting the idea that the humors and their imbalances were at fault for illness.
Ap Topic 4.2(Scientific Revolution)
Issac Newton’s findings that the forces of the universe can be measured and predicted led to what philosophical and theological movement?
Brooke
Deism
AP topic 4.3(enlightenment)
What new group of thinkers emerged during the Enlightenment period?
Brooke
Philosophes
AP Topic 4.4(18th century society and demographics)
What agricultural changes led to the Agricultural Revolution?
Brooke
- enclosure
- crop rotation
- selective crop breeding
What is Cartesian Dualism?
Zach
The belief that the body and the mind are two seperate things that interact and make up all matter.
Who was John Locke and what did he believe?
Zach
John Locke was a supporter of the people rising up against an unjust ruler. He also believed everyone should have rights to life, liberty, and property.
What changes did Catherine the Great bring to Russia?
Zach
She continued the westerinzation of Russia that Peter the Great had begun, she allowed Voltaire and Diderot to spread enlightened ideas throughout Russia, and she made life harder for the serfs while making life easier for nobles.
