Unit 5: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th Century Flashcards
5.4 The French Revolution
What Groups in Europe Made up the Bourgeoisie?
Cole F
Those with wealth but not nobles, peasants, and urban workers.
5.4 The French Revolution
What is considered the start of the French Revolution?
Riley B.
On July 14 1789, the peasants engaged in a revolt called the Storming of the Bastille, protesting the lack of food from a poor harvest and the condition of their lives because of the king.
5.4 The French Revolution
Why and when did the National Assembly disband?
Zachary B.
The National Assembly disbanded after the new French constitution was established. They promised to do so during the Tennis Court Oath.
5.6 Napoleons Rise, Dominance, and Defeat
What political shift marked the end of the radical phase of the French Revolution and the execution of Robspierre?
Cole F
Thermidorian Reaction
5.4 The French Revolution
What two main sides led the Jacobin Club, and what did each believe?
Zachary B.
The Girondists did not want to execute the monarchs and were less radical, while the Mountain did want to execute the monarchs and led the radical revolution.
5.6 Napoleon’s Rise, Dominance, and Defeat
What is the Napoleonic Code?
Riley Baca
The Napoleonic code was a French civil code in 1804 that reinstated the principles of the equality of all male citizens and the absolute security of wealth and private property, it also restricted the rights of women made in previous revolutionary laws.
5.6 Napoleon’s Rise, Dominance, and Defeat
What was the Continental System and how did it affect Europe?
Zachary B.
It was a trading blockade against Britain, enforced by Napoleon. It led to his downfall when Russia rebelled because it began the war that would later destroy Napoleon’s army.
What was the tennis court oath?
Anna
The third estate was locked out of the national assembly, so they met at a tennis court and agreed to not disband until a new constiution was established.
What was the women’s march on Versailles and what were its effects?
Anna
The women’s march on Versailles happened in October, 1789 and it was composed of many French women who were frustrated over their inability to provide for their families. It forced the royal family to leave Versailles and go to their Tuileries castle in Paris
Who created the comittee for public safety and what did it do?
Anna
Robespierre. It attacked, improsined, and guillotined many people who were seen as threats to the revolution.
5.4 French Revolution
What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen want to do?
Riley B.
It wanted to outline individual rights such as equality before the law, freedom of speech, religion, and the right to property.
What were the 3 estates in pre-revolutionary france?
Kyanna C.
The First Estate (clergy), the Second Estate (nobles), the Third Estate (everyone else)
What was the Reign of Terror and who led it?
Kyanna C.
The period from 1792-1795, which was the second phase of the revolution. The French monarchy introudced rapid radicalization of politics. It was led by Robespierre.
What was the significance of the Battle of Waterloo
Kyanna C.
It marked Napoleon’s final defeat in 1815 by the Duke of Wellington and Prussia
5.4 French Revolution
What was the National Assembly?
Jaelyn Yu
The Third Estate declaring themselves the true representative body of France.
5.5 French Revolution’s Effects
What was the Second Coalition?
Jaelyn Yu
An alliance of states including Russia, England, and Austria that were openly against the spread of the French Revolution.
5.4 French Revolution
What was the Declaration of Pillnitz?
A declaration made by Austria and Prussia that if anything were to happen to Louis XVI during the French Revolution, they would take immediate action.
5.7 Congress of Vienna
What was the Congress of Vienna established to do?
Brooke Ponte
Restore a balance of power after Napolean and contain/resolve future conflicts in Europe.
5.8 Romanticism
What were the main ideas of Romanticism?
Brooke Ponte
Romanticism emphasized individual emotions, imagination, and a strong connection with nature
5.2 Rise of Global Markets
What were the consequences of European maritime competition?
Brooke Ponte
An increase in global trade, which lead to competition over commerce and an increase in British and Dutch power.
What was the Napoleonic Code, and why is it significant?
The Napoleonic Code, established in 1804, was a comprehensive set of civil laws. It emphasized equality before the law, property rights, and civil liberties, and served as a model for legal systems in many other countries.
What event led to Napoleon’s rise to power in France?
Napoleon’s rise to power was significantly helped by the instability of the French Revolution. After the Revolution’s chaos, he seized control.
How did Robespierre’s influence during the French Revolution impact Napoleon’s rise to power?
Robespierre, as a leading figure during the Reign of Terror, helped radicalize the Revolution and create political instability. After his fall it paved the way for Napoleon to emerge as a stabilizing figure, ultimately allowing him to rise to power in 1799.
What were Napoleon’s policies regarding women’s rights and what document did he institute these ideas in?
Abe
In the Napoleonic code, Napoleon strips women of many of the rights that they had gained in the revolution and states that their rightful place was below their fathers or their husbands. He stripped them of their right to have contracts and of their right to have a bank account.
What was Austria’s response to the arrest of Louis XVI and what document did they make?
Abe
Austria, in response to the arrest of Louis XVI, wrote the Declaration of Pillnitz in which they supported Louis and called for other European countries to support him as well to keep the monarchy intact.
What were the two different types of Jacobins, and what was the main difference in their views on Monarchy?
abe
The two main types of Jacobins were the Girondists and the Mountain. They both advocated for the abolition of the monarchy but Girondists did not believe that killing the king was necessary or even a good idea whereas the Mountain believed that it was necessary to kill the king.
What was Napolean’s role before his coup d’etat to take control of France?
Jameson
Napolean was a member of the Directory, the new French governing council, before he took control.
Which notable Englishman criticized the Revolution and warned of its spread to England and the rest of Europe.
Jameson
Edmund Burke.
Who were the Sans-Culotte?
Jameson
They were a radical group of lower class revolutionaries who helped drive the revolution.
How did Napoleon Take Power in France?
Conall
He lead a coup against the directory and became first consul
What was the first major event during the French Revolution?
Conall
The storming of the Bastille
Who led the Directory during the reign of terror
Robspierre
In which battle did Napoleon finally get defeated?
The Battle of Waterloo on June the 18th 1815.
When did Napoleon Bonaparte crown himself?
Jonah T
December 2, 1804
What was the signifacance of the Storming of Bastilles?
Jonah T
The Storming of Bastilles kicked off the French revolution.
What was the difference between the Jacobins and the Girondists?
Jonah T
Jacobins beleived in a centralized democracy while the Girondists beleived in a constitutional monarchy.
What allowed Napoleon to gain power?
The chaos of the French Revolution allowed him to lead a coup and seize power.
What is the Declaration of the rights of women?
A declaration written in the style of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen that included women and outlined the rights they aimed for.
What were the two groups of the Jacobins?
The Girondists and the Mountain.
Unit 5 - Napoleon
What was the result of the collapse of the third coalition?
Liam M
The collapse of the third coalition after their defeat at Austerlitz in 1805 caused Alexander I of Russia to back down, caused Austria to accept territorial loss and allowed Napoleon to reorganize some of the German states into the German Confederation on the Rhine.
Napoleonic Code
What rights established during the French Revolution does the Napoleonic code of 1804 continue to protect?
Liam Mattox
The Napoleonic code continues to protect the rights of peasants, property rights, and reassert the equality of male citizens. The Napoleonic code restricted the rights of women by making them dependents of their fathers and husbands.
How did the flight to Varennes allow more radical ideas to take hold during the French revolution?
The flight to Varennes allowed more radical ideas to take root in the revolution with the many people angered by the king’s attempt to flee to Austria who demanded a full republic rather than a constitutional monarchy.
