unit 8

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

change over time

Question 2

evidence of evolution

Answer 2

fossils, comparative structures, biochemical similarities, comparative embryology, homologous vs. analogous structure, vestigial structure

Question 3

comparative structures

Answer 3

similar features in different organisms

Question 4

fossils

Answer 4

preserved remains of once living organisms

Question 5

biochemical similarities

Answer 5

comparing protein structure in all organisms to find similarities

Question 6

comparative embryology

Answer 6

the study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species

Question 7

homologous structure

Answer 7

structures that are similar in different species of common ancestry

Question 8

analogous structure

Answer 8

part that is similar in function as a part of another organism is is structurally different

Question 9

vestigial structure

Answer 9

structure that is inherited from ancestors but has lost much or all of its original function

Question 10

mechanisms of evolution

Answer 10

mutation, migration, genetic drift, natural selection

Question 11

natural selection

Answer 11

a natural process resulting in the evolution to organisms best adapted to the environment

Question 12

zoology mnemonic

Answer 12

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (DKPCOPFGS)

Question 13

what is run off?

Answer 13

water that doesn’t go into the ground

Question 14

what is precipition?

Answer 14

any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to earth

Question 15

what is ground water?

Answer 15

water held underground in the soil in the cracks of soil, rock, etc.

Question 16

what is transpiration?

Answer 16

the process of releasing water vapor into the atmosphere from plant leaves

Question 17

what is evaporation?

Answer 17

putting water from oceans and lakes into the atmosphere

Question 18

what is condensation?

Answer 18

water in the atmosphere forming droplets in clouds

Question 19

what is ecology?

Answer 19

the study of relationships and interactions of organisms

Question 20

what is the biosphere?

Answer 20

the portion of earth that supports life

Question 21

what are examples of biotic factors?

Answer 21

people, animals, plants, etc.

Question 22

what are examples of abiotic factors?

Answer 22

rocks, water, air, etc.

Question 23

what are the levels of organization?

Answer 23

individual —> population —> community —> ecosystem —> biome —> biosphere

Question 24

what is an individual?

Answer 24

a singular organism, the lowest level of organization

Question 25

what is a population?

Answer 25

a single species that share the same geographic location at the time

Question 26

what is a community?

Answer 26

group of interacting populations that occupy the same area at the same time

Question 27

what is an ecosystem?

Answer 27

biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it

Question 28

what is a biome?

Answer 28

a large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities

Question 29

what is a habitat?

Answer 29

an area where an organism lives

Question 30

what is a niche?

Answer 30

role of an organism in its environment

Question 31

what is competition?

Answer 31

when organisms need to use the same resources at the same time

Question 32

what is predation?

Answer 32

the act of one organism consuming another organism for food

Question 33

what is symbolism?

Answer 33

a relationship in which two organisms live together in close association

Question 34

what is mutualism?

Answer 34

benefiting both organisms, ex: an oxpecker eating ticks off a zebra

Question 35

what is commensalism?

Answer 35

benefiting an organism and the other is unaffected, ex: a bird making a nest in the tree