Unit 7 Quiz

Question 1

A withdrawal experimental design rules out confounding variables by removing the treatment variable in the third phase, the multiple-baseline design rules out confounding variables by ______.

Answer 1

Varying lengths of baselines

Question 2

All of the following are advantages of the multiple-baseline design except:

Answer 2

It takes less time to implement

Question 3

All of the following are appropriate situations in which to use a delayed multiple-baseline design except:

Answer 3

When a reversal design is too challenging to implement

Question 4

All of the following are limitations of the multiple-baseline design except:

Answer 4

The behavior under study must be within the subject’s repertoire already

Question 5

Choose the situation in which a changing-criterion design would be most appropriate.

Answer 5

Evaluating the effects of a self-management goal setting program that includes small step-wise changes.

Question 6

Identify the definition of a multiple-baseline design.

Answer 6

An experimental design in which the replications involve baselines of differing durations and interventions of differing starting times.

Question 7

In a multiple-baseline design, the functional relationship between the independent variable and the change in the subject’s behavior is determined by:

Answer 7

Observation of unchanged behaviors in other tiers

Question 8

One method of addressing the practical concern of costly measurement when using a multiple-baseline design across settings is to:

Answer 8

Use intermittent probes during baseline

Question 9

Recommendations for self-administered consequences include:

Answer 9

All the above:

a. Keep it simple.
b. Select small consequences that are easy to deliver.
c. Set a meaningful, but easy-to-meet, criterion for reinforcement.

Question 10

Self-management can help individuals to:

Answer 10

All the above:

a. Accomplish difficult tasks.
b. Break bad habits and replace them with good ones.
c. Live a more effective and efficient daily life.

Question 11

Self-management is best defined as the:

Answer 11

Personal application of behavior change tactics that produces a desired change in behavior.

Question 12

Simultaneous measurement of two or more behaviors of a single participant describes which type of experimental design?

Answer 12

Multiple baseline across behaviors

Question 13

This is a procedure whereby a person observes his or her behavior systematically and records the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a target behavior.

Answer 13

Self-monitoring

Question 14

Under what conditions is a multiple-baseline design more appropriate than a reversal design?

Answer 14

Both A and B:

a. When the dependent variable is self-injurious or highly dangerous.
b. When the IV may have irreversible effects on the DV.

Question 15

What are some considerations for the appropriateness of the changing-criterion design?

Answer 15

B and C:

b. Only one target behavior is required.
c. Changing-criterion design is for use with behaviors that are already in student’s repertoire and that lend themselves to stepwise modification.

Question 16

When a subject’s behavior changes each time a new criterion is introduced, this is an example of ____.

Answer 16

Replication

Question 17

When an intervention that is known to be effective is withheld from a subject for the purposes of achieving a multiple-baseline design, this presents a(n) ____ challenge for researchers.

Answer 17

Ethical

Question 18

When using a multiple-baseline design, how would one decide when to implement the independent variable?

Answer 18

When baseline data are stable

Question 19

Which of the following is not a design factor to be considered when using a changing-criterion design?

Answer 19

Verification of behavior change

Question 20

Which of the following is not a guideline for the multiple-baseline design?

Answer 20

Do not measure behaviors concurrently