Unit 5 Flashcards
A research design consisting of a baseline and a treatment phase.
A-B design
The three-step form of reasoning that begins with a true antecedent-consequent statement and proceeds as follows: (1) if A is true, then B is true; (2) B is found to be true; (3) therefore, A is true.
Affirmation of the consequent
A data path that shows an increasing trend in the response measure over time.
Ascending baseline
The condition or phase in which no treatment is implemented.
Baseline
A term sometimes used to refer to the experimental reasoning inherent in single-subject experimental designs that entails three elements: prediction, verification, and replication.
Baseline logic
An uncontrolled factor known or suspected to exert influence on the dependent variable.
Confounding variable
A data path that shows a decreasing trend in the response measure over time.
Descending baseline
The outcome of an experiment that demonstrates convincingly a functional relation, or the extent to which a researcher maintains precise control of the independent variable by presenting it, withdrawing it, and/or varying its value.
Experimental control
A statement of what the researcher seeks to learn by conducting the experiment
Experimental question
The degree to which a study’s findings are generalizable to other subjects, settings, or behavior.
External validity
Any aspect of the experimental setting, such as lighting or temperature, which must be held constant to prevent unplanned environmental variation.
Extraneous variable
The extent to which an experiment shows convincingly that changes in behavior are a function of the independent variable and not the result of unknown or uncontrolled variables.
Internal validity
An experiment designed to discover the differential effects of a range of values of an independent variable.
Parametric analysis
Improvements in performance resulting from opportunities to perform a behavior repeatedly so that baseline measures can be obtained.
Practice effects
Repeating conditions within an experiment to determine the reliability of effects and increase internal validity.
Replication
This is a category of research designs that use a form of experimental reasoning called baseline logic to demonstrate the effect of the independent variable on the behavior of individual subjects.
Single-subject design
Data that shows no evidence of an upward or downward trend.
Variable baseline
A pattern of responding that exhibits relatively little variation in its measured dimensional qualities over a period of time.
Steady state responding
Data points that do not consistently fall within a narrow range of values and do not suggest any clear trend.
Variable baseline
The demonstration that the prior level of baseline responding would have remain unchanged had the independent variable not been introduced.
Verification
