Unit 2

Question 1

An observation setting that is not part of the client’s normal daily routine.

Answer 1

Analogue setting

Question 2

An outcome or result that appears to exist because of the way it is measured, but in fact does not correspond to what actually occurred.

Answer 2

Artifact

Question 3

An action that has sudden and dramatic consequences that extend well beyond the idiosyncratic change itself, because it exposes the person to new environments, reinforcers, contingencies, responses, and stimulus controls.

Answer 3

Behavioral cusp

Question 4

Behavioral evaluation involving direct observation and recording of the behavior as it occurs.

Answer 4

Direct assessment

Question 5

Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely in terms of their common effect on the environment.

Answer 5

Function-based definition

Question 6

An adjustment that occurs when a person’s repertoire has been changed such that short- and long-term reinforcers are maximized, and long- and short-term punishers are minimized.

Answer 6

Habilitation

Question 7

Assessment that relies on information from others.

Answer 7

Indirect assessment

Question 8

Occurs when two observers independently observe and record a person’s behavior at the same time and agree on the occurrence of the behavior.

Answer 8

Interobserver

Question 9

A method of measuring behavior after it has already occurred by recording the effects that the behavior has produced on the environment.

Answer 9

Measurement by permanent product

Question 10

A measurement method in which the presence or absence of behaviors are recorded at precisely specified time intervals.

Answer 10

Momentary time sampling

Question 11

The belief that people with disabilities should, to the maximum extent possible, be physically and socially integrated into the mainstream of society regardless of the degree or type of their disability.

Answer 11

Normalization

Question 12

A measurement method in which the observation period is segmented into a series of brief time intervals, and the observer records whether the target behavior occurred at any time during each interval.

Answer 12

Partial-interval recording

Question 13

An action that, when learned, produces corresponding modifications or covariation in other untrained behavior.

Answer 13

Pivotal behavior

Question 14

A variation of momentary time sampling in which the observer records whether each person in a group is engaged in the target behavior at specific points in time.

Answer 14

Planned activity check

Question 15

A type of direct observation data collection in which the client observes and records his or her own behavior as it occurs.

Answer 15

Self-monitoring

Question 16

Refers to the extent to which target behaviors are appropriate, intervention procedures are acceptable, and important and significant changes in target and collateral behaviors are produced.

Answer 16

Social validity

Question 17

A measurement of the presence or absence of behavior within specific time intervals.

Answer 17

Time sampling

Question 18

Defines instances of the targeted response class by the shape or form of the behavior.

Answer 18

Topography-based definition

Question 19

A time-sampling method for measuring behavior in which the observation period is divided into a series of brief time intervals, followed by an observation of whether the target behavior occurred throughout the entire interval.

Answer 19

Whole-interval recording