UNIT 7: INTRO TO CNS DRUGS Flashcards
The CNS is composed of the _ and _
brain and spinal cord
These are electrically excitable cells that process and transmit information via an electrochemical process.
Neurons
Inhibits synthesis of serotonin
Parachlorophenylalanine
Inhibits storage of catecholamines
Reserpine
Inhibits release of catecholamines
Amphetamine
Batrachotoxin affects which type of channel?
Sodium Channel
Apamin affects which type of channel?
Potassium Channel
Charybdotoxin affects which type of channel?
Potassium Channel
**Omega-conotoxin **affects which type of channel?
Calcium Channel
Agatoxin affects which type of channel?
Calcium Channel
What are the types of voltage-gated channels? (3)
- Sodium Channel
- Potassium Channel
- Calcium Channel
What are the ligand-gated channels? (4)
- Nicotinic ACh Receptor
- GABAA Receptor
- Glycine Receptor
- AMPA Receptor
Irreversible antagonist for Nicotinic ACh receptor?
a-bungarotoxin
Blocks GABAA receptor?
Picrotoxin
Competitive antagonist for Glycine receptor?
Strychnine
Blocks AMPA receptor?
Philanthotoxin
Blocks channel from the outside
Tetrodotoxin (TTX)
Slows inactivation, shifts activation
Batrachotoxin (BTX)
Blocks small “Ca-activated” K+ channels?
Apamin
Blocks large “Ca-activated” K+ channels?
Charybdotoxin
Blocks **N-type **channel?
Omega-conotoxin (ω-CTX-GVIA)
Blocks **P-type ** channel?
Agatoxin (ω-AGAIVA)
Depletes monoamine synapses of transmitters by interfering with intracellular storage
Reserpine
Causes the release of the peptide substance P from sensory neurons
Capsaicin
Blocks the release of transmitters, leading to symptoms of tetanus
Tetanus Toxin
Blocks the uptake of catecholamines at adrenergic synapses and thus, potentiates the action of these amines
Cocaine
Inactivated by enzymatic degradation
Acetylcholine
Block the degradation of ACh and thereby prolong its action
Anticholinesterases
Can act as neurotransmitter agonist; mimic the action of enkephalin
Opioids
Blocks the receptor for the inhibitory transmitter glycine
Strychnine
Blocks the NMDA subtype of glutamate ionotropic receptors by binding in the ion channel pore
Ketamine (anesthetic)
Can modify neurotransmitter responses mediated through the 2nd messenger cAMP. It blocks cAMP’s metabolism, thereby prolonging its action
Methylxanthines
Enumerate:
Acetylcholine (ACh) Receptor/Agonist
M1: Muscarine
M2: Muscarine, Bethanecol
Nicotinic: Nicotine
Enumerate:
Dopamine (DA) Receptor/Agonist
**D1: **Dihydrexidine
**D2: **Bromocriptine
Enumerate:
Norepinephrine (NE) Receptor/Agonist
**α1: **Phenylephrine
**α2: **Clonidine
**β1: **Isoproterenol, dobutamine
**β2: **Albuterol
Enumerate:
Serotonin
(5-Hydroxytryptamine) Receptor/Agonist
5-HT1A: Eptapirone
5-HT2A: LSD
5-HT3: 2-methyl-5-HT
5-HT4: Cisapride
Identify:
Acetylcholine (ACh) M2 Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Muscarine, Bethanecol; Inhibitory
Identify:
Acetylcholine (ACh) M1 Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Muscarine; Excitatory
Identify:
Acetylcholine (ACh) Nicotinic Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Nicotine; Excitatory
Identify:
Dopamine (DA) D1 Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Dihydrexidine; Inhibitory
Identify:
Dopamine (DA) D2 Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Bromocriptine; Inhibitory
Identify:
Norepinephrine (NE) α1 Receptor/Agonist
Inhibitory/Excitatory?
Phenylephrine;Excitatory