Unit 7: Endocrine System - Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

acromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the extremities

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2
Q

adrenal virilism

A

excessive production of adrenal androgens causing development of male characteristics

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3
Q

amenorrhea

A

lack of menstrual flow

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4
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

a condition causing polyuria due to hyposecretion of or resistance to antidiuretic hormone

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5
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia

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6
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to utilize sugar and thus, must burn fat for energy

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7
Q

dysmetabolic syndrome

A

combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism

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8
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket

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9
Q

galactorrhea

A

discharge of milk

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10
Q

goiter

A

thyromegaly, enlargement of the thyroid gland, thyrocele

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11
Q

Graves’ disease

A

thyrotoxicosis, autoimmune hyperparathyroidism characterized by exophthalmos

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12
Q

gynecomastia

A

development of breast tissue in males

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13
Q

Hashimoto thyroiditis

A

autoimmune condition that attacks the thyroid gland. It is the number one cause of hypothyroidism in the United States.

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14
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive growth of facial and body hair in women

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15
Q

insulinoma

A

tumor that secretes insulin (found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas)

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16
Q

menarche

A

beginning of first menstruation

17
Q

myxedema

A

advanced hypothyroidism in adults causing edema (swelling) under the skin

18
Q

pancreatic pseudocyst

A

abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst

19
Q

pituitary dwarfism

A

abnormally short height caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland

20
Q

pituitary gigantism

A

abnormally tall height caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland

21
Q

pituitary infarction or
pituitary apoplexy

A

death of pituitary gland tissue usually due to hemorrhaging and associated with a pituitary tumor

22
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

23
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive eating

24
Q

thelarche

A

the beginning of breast development