Unit 5: Musculoskeletal system - Pathology

Question 1

achondroplasia

Answer 1

cartilage formation defect, a cause of dwarfism

Question 2

ankylosis

Answer 2

bent, crooked, or stiff joint; abnormal fusion of the bone

Question 3

arthritis

Answer 3

inflammation of joint(s)

Question 4

arthrodysplasia

Answer 4

abnormal joint development

Question 5

atrophy

Answer 5

decrease in size, wasting away

Question 6

crepitus

Answer 6

grating or crackling sound
Latin crepare “crackle”

Question 7

crepitation

Answer 7

grating or crackling sound
Latin crepare “crackle”

Question 8

genu valgum

Answer 8

knock-kneed
Latin genu + valgus “knee, bow-legged”

Question 9

genu varum

Answer 9

bowlegged
Latin genu + varus “knee, separate”

Question 10

graphospasm

Answer 10

writer’s cramp

Question 11

hypertrophy

Answer 11

excess growth, abnormally large

Question 12

kyphosis

Answer 12

hump back; abnormal forward curvature of upper spine

Question 13

lordosis

Answer 13

sway back; abnormal forward curvature of lower spine

Question 14

muscular dystrophy

Answer 14

group of diseases causing progressive muscle degeneration

Question 15

myoclonus

Answer 15

sudden involuntary muscle contraction

Question 16

myosarcoma

Answer 16

cancer of muscle flesh

Question 17

osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 17

brittle bone disease

Question 18

osteoporosis

Answer 18

loss of bone density, causes weak, brittle bones

Question 19

osteosarcoma

Answer 19

bone cancer

Question 20

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 20

chronic joint inflammation, an autoimmune disease

Question 21

scoliosis

Answer 21

crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of spine

Question 22

septic arthritis

Answer 22

infection of the joint

Question 23

sebluxation

Answer 23

partial dislocation