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Medical Terminology > Unit 7: Endocrine > Flashcards

Unit 7: Endocrine Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acr/o

A

Extremities

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2
Q

adren/o

A

Adrenal glands

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3
Q

adrenal/o

A

Adrenal glands

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4
Q

andr/o

A

Male

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5
Q

calc/o

A

Calcium

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6
Q

crin/o

A

To secrete

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7
Q

estr/o

A

Female

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8
Q

gluc/o

A

Glucose

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9
Q

glyc/o

A

Sugar

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10
Q

glycos/o

A

Sugar

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11
Q

gonad/o

A

Sex glands

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12
Q

home/o

A

Sameness

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13
Q

iod/o

A

Iodine

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14
Q

kal/i

A

Potassium

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15
Q

ket/o

A

Ketones

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16
Q

mineral/o

A

Minerals, electrolytes

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17
Q

natr/o

A

Sodium

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18
Q

ophthalm/o

A

Eye

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19
Q

ovari/o

A

Ovary

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20
Q

pancreat/o

A

Pancreas

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21
Q

parathyroid/o

A

Parathyroid gland

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22
Q

pineal/o

A

Pineal gland

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23
Q

pituitar/o

A

Pituitary gland

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24
Q

testicul/o

A

Testes

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25
Q

thym/o

A

Thymus gland

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26
Q

thyr/o

A

Thyroid gland

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27
Q

thyroid/o

A

Thyroid gland

28
Q

toxic/o

A

Poisin

29
Q

-dipsia

A

Thirst

30
Q

-prandial

A

Relating to a meal

31
Q

-tropin

A

To stimulate

32
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone

A

ADH

33
Q

BMR

A

Basal Metabolic Rate

34
Q

DM

A

Diabetes Mellitus

35
Q

IDDM

A

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

36
Q

K+

A

Potassium

37
Q

Na+

A

Sodium

38
Q

NIDDM

A

Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus

39
Q

Increased pigmentation of the skin, generalized weakness, and weight loss

A

Addison’s Disease

40
Q

Weakness, edema, excess hair growth, skin discoloration, and osteoperosis

A

Crushing’s Syndrome

41
Q

Development of male secondary sexual characteristics(deeper voice and facial hair)

A

Adrenal Virilism

42
Q

Anxiety, heart palpitations, dyspnea, profuse sweating, headache, and nausea

A

Pheochromocytoma

43
Q

Patient must take daily insulin injections

A

Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

44
Q

Patients take oral hypoglycemics to improve insulin function, or may eventually have to take insulin

A

Noninsulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus

45
Q

May result in hypoglycemia and tetany

A

Hypoparathyroidism

46
Q

Nerve irritability and painful muscle cramps

A

Recklinghausen Disease

47
Q

Problems with glands, thyroid, ovaries, and testes

A

Panhypopituitarism

48
Q

Results in elongation and enlargement of bones of head and extremities

A

Acromegaly

49
Q

Being abnormally short in height

A

Dwarfism

50
Q

Excessive development of body due to over production of growth hormone

A

Gigantism

51
Q

May be polyuria and polydipsia

A

Diabetes Insipidus

52
Q

Results in overactivity of the thyroid gland

A

Grave’s Disease

53
Q

Chronic autoimmune form of thyroiditis

A

Hashimoto’s Disease

54
Q

Glands of the endocrine system secretes hormones important for??

A

Homeostasis

55
Q

Hormones regulate body activities such as?

A

Metabolic rate, water and mineral balance, immune reactions, and sexual functioning

56
Q

Chemicals that act on target organs to increase or decrease activity level

A

Hormones

57
Q

The endocrine system is a collection of _________ that secretes __________ into the bloodstream

A

Glands ; hormones

58
Q

The exocrine system release __________ through a duct to an epithelial surface

A

Secretions

59
Q

Examples of epithelial surfaces include?

A

The skin, lungs, GI tract, reproductive, and urinary tract

60
Q

Sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous(earwax), lacrimal(tear), sebaceuous, and exocrine are all examples of what?

A

EXOcrine glands

61
Q

T or F?
The pancreas is part of both the endocrine system

A

True

62
Q

The pancreas releases ______ into the bloodstream

A

Insulin

63
Q

Exocrine releases _________ __________ in the small intestine

A

Digestive enzymes

64
Q

The _________ ______ lies just underneath the brain receiving signals from the hypothalamus to release or inhibit pituitary hormone production

A

Pituitary glands

65
Q

The pituitary gland is sometimes called the _______ ______ because it secretes many hormones that regulate other glands

A

Master gland

66
Q

The pituitary gland is divided into _______ and ________ lobes and is regulated by the hypothalamus

A

Anterior and posterior

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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