Unit 6: Immunology, Pathology, Hematology, Lymphatic, and Immune Flashcards
1
Q
agglutin/o
A
Clumping
2
Q
bas/o
A
Base
3
Q
chrom/o
A
Color
4
Q
coagul/o
A
Clotting
5
Q
cyt/o
A
Cell
6
Q
eosin/o
A
Rosy red
7
Q
erythr/o
A
Red
8
Q
fibrin/o
A
Fibers
9
Q
fus/o
A
Pouring
10
Q
granul/o
A
Granules
11
Q
hem/o
A
Blood
12
Q
hemat/o
A
Blood
13
Q
leuk/o
A
White
14
Q
morph/o
A
Shape
15
Q
neutr/o
A
Neutral
16
Q
phag/o
A
Eat, swallow
17
Q
sanguin/o
A
Blood
18
Q
septic/o
A
Infection
19
Q
thromb/o
A
Clot
20
Q
-apheresis
A
Removal, carry away
21
Q
-crit
A
Separation of
22
Q
-cytosis
A
More than the normal number of cells
23
Q
-emia
A
Blood condition
24
Q
-globin
A
Protein
25
-penia
Too few
26
-phil
Attracted to
27
-poiesis
Formation
28
-stasis
Standing still
29
CBC
Complete blood count
30
Hct
Hematocrit
31
Hgb
Hemoglobin
32
PT
Prothrombin time
33
RBC
Red blood cell
34
WBC
White blood cell
35
adenoid/o
Adenoids
36
axill/o
Axilla, underarm
37
immun/o
Protection
38
inguin/o
Groin region
39
lymph/o
Lymph
40
lymphaden/o
Lymph node
41
lymphangi/o
Lymph vessel
42
nucle/o
Nucleus
43
path/o
Disease
44
splen/o
Spleen
45
thym/o
Thymus gland
46
tonsill/o
Tonsils
47
tox/o
Poison
48
-edema
Swelling
49
-globulin
Protein
50
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
51
ARC
Aids-related complex
52
ELISA
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
53
GVHD
Graft vs. host disease
54
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
55
A large group of conditions characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood ; results in less oxygen reaching the tissues
Anemia
56
Substance that prevents blood clot formation, commonly referred to as blood thinners
Anticoagulant
57
To convert from a liquid to a gel or sold, as in blood coagulation
Coagulate
58
Calculation of the number of blood cells in a sample of blood. Generally determined by special machine that analyze different components in a blood sample in less than a minute.
Complete blood count(CBC)
59
The collection of blood under the skin as the result of blood escaping into the tissue from damaged blood vessels. Commonly referred to as a bruise.
Hematoma
60
Cancer of the white blood cell-forming red bone marrow results in a large number of abnormal and immature white blood cells circulating in the blood
Leukemia
61
Incision into a vein in order to remove blood for a diagnostic test, also called venipuncture
Phlemotomy
62
A genetic disorder in which erythrocytes take on an abnormal curved or 'sickle' shape. These cells are fragile and are easily damaged, leading to a hemolytic anemia
Sickle Cell Anemia
63
The number of red blood cells in a volume of blood, low RBC count is anemia and high RBC count is polycythemia
RBC Count
64
The number of white blood cells in a volume of blood, low WBC count of leukopenia and high WBC count is leukocytosis
WBC Count
65
The percentage of 5 different kinds of white blood cells in a volume of blood. Includes neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
White blood cell differential count
66
Number of platelets in a volume of blood, low count is thrombocytopenia and high count is thrombocytosis
Platelet count
67
Amount of hemoglobin found in the blood, low count is anemia and high count is polycythemia
Hemoglobin(Hgb)
68
Percentage of space red blood cells take up in the blood, low count is anemia and high count is polycythemia
Hematocrit(Hct)
69
Early stage of AIDS. There is a positive test for the virus, but only mild symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, skin rash, and anorexia
AIDS-related complex(ARC)
70
Body's response to specific pathogen, may be established either passively or actively
Acquired Immunity
71
Disease involving a defect in the cell-mediated immunity system. A syndrome of opportunistic infections occurring in the final stage of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), This virus attacks t4 lymphocytes and destroys them, reducing the person's ability to fight infection
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
72
Develops following direct exposure to pathogenic agent ; agent stimulates body's immune response, series of different mechanisms all geared to neutralize the agent
Active acquired immunity
73
Hypersensitivity to a common substance in the environment or a medication. The substance causing the allergic reaction is called an allergen
Allergy
74
Life-threatening condition resulting from a severe allergic reaction. Examples of triggers: bee stings, medications, or the ingestion of foods
Anaphylactic shock
75
Disease resulting from the body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens
Autoimmune disease
76
Accumulation of excess fluid in body tissue
Edema
77
Blood test for an antibody to the HIV virus. A positive test means that the person has been exposed to the virus.
Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay(ELISA)
78
Virus that causes AIDS ; also known as a retrovirus
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
79
Appearance of wheals as part of an allergic reaction
Hives
80
Exposure to a weakened pathogen that stimulates the immune response and anti-body production in order to confer protection against the full-blown disease
Immunizations
81
Having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens. Also called immundeficiency disorder
Immunocompromised
82
The tissue's response to injury from pathogens or physical agents. Characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch
Inflammation
83
A tumor in lymphatic tissue
Lymphoma
84
Form of skin cancer is frequently seen in patients with AIDS. Consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs.
Kaposi's sacroma
85
Acute infectious disease with a large number of abnormal mononuclear lymphocytes. Caused by the epstein-barr virus, abnormal liver function may occurr
Mononucleosis
86
State of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process
Natural Immunity
87
Infectious diseases associated with patients who have compromised immune systems and therefore a lowered resistance to infections and parasites.
Opportunistic Infections
88
Form of allergy testing in which the body is exposed to an allergen through a light scratch on the skin
Scratch test
89
Severe itching associated with hives, usually associated with hives, usually linked to food allergy, stress, or drug reactions
Uticaria
90
Test used as a backup to the Elisa blood test to detect the presence of the antibody to HIV in the blood
Western blot test
91
Lymphatic system supports which 2 systems?
Cardiovascular and Immune
92
Lymphatic vessels form a network of _____ throughout the body?
Ducts
93
Ducts are ______ pipes that conduct lymph toward the thoracic cavity
One-way
94
Ducts are a low pressure system that uses ______ and ______ to prevent backflow
Peristalsis and valves
95
Lymphatic vessels begin as very small lymph ______ in tissues
Capillaries
96
The capillaries merge into larger lymph _____.
Vessels
97
The vessels drain into one of two large lymphatic ducts: _____ and _____
Right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
98
Lymph nodes house ____ and _____ that remove pathogens and cell debris from lymph
Lymphocytes and antibodies
99
Collection of lymphatic tissue at the back of the throat and nasal cavity, not essential organs
Tonsils/Adenoids
100
Located in the left upper quadrant, consists of lymphatic tissue that is highly infiltrated with blood vessels
Spleen
101
Located in the upper portion of the mediastinum, essential for immune development, secretes y=thymosin
Thymus gland
102
Antigens stimulate the ________
Immune response
103
Branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and other disorders of the immune system
Immunology
104
Branch of medicine concerned with determining the underlying causes and development of diseases
Pathology
105
Type of blood cell:
- Red blood cells
- Enucleated, biconcave disks
Erythrocytes
106
Type of blood cell:
- White blood cells
- Spherical with a large nucleus
Leukocytes
107
Type of blood cell:
- Thrombocytes
- Critical to blood clotting
Platelets
108
Either A or B and on the surface of erythrocytes that determine the blood type
Marker Proteins
109
WBCs in type A blood produces
anti-B antibodies
110
WBCs in type B blood produces
type B blood
111
Type AB blood produces
no antibodies
112
WBCs in Type O blood produces
both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
113
Does Rh-positive blood have antibodies?
No antibodies
114
Does Rh-negative blood have antibodies?
Yes antibodies
115
What blood type is the universal donor?
O-
116
What blood type is the universal recipient
AB+
117
Who can AB- donate to?
AB+, AB-
118
Who can A+ donate to?
A+, AB+
119
Who can O+ donate to?
O+, A+, B+, AB+
120
Thromb/o
Clot at its original site
121
Embol/o
Clot that has traveled from its original site
122
Clot in the brain, can be ischemic or hemorrhagic
Stroke
123
MD who treats diseases and conditions of the blood
Hematologist
124
Draws blood for the lab testing. Training programs are less than a year-long and require a high school diploma. Passing a certification exam improves employability.
Phlebotomist
