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Medical Terminology > Unit 5: Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Unit 5: Cardiovascular Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angi/o

A

Vessel

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2
Q

aort/o

A

Aorta

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3
Q

arteri/o

A

Artery

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4
Q

ather/o

A

Fatty Substance

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5
Q

atri/o

A

Atrium

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6
Q

cardi/o

A

Heart

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7
Q

coron/o

A

Heart

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8
Q

corpor/o

A

Body

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9
Q

embol/o

A

Plug

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10
Q

isch/o

A

To hold back

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11
Q

myocardi/o

A

Heart muscle

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12
Q

pect/o

A

Chest

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13
Q

phleb/o

A

Vein

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14
Q

sphygm/o

A

Pulse

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15
Q

steth/o

A

Chest

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16
Q

thromb/o

A

Clot

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17
Q

valv/o

A

Valve

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18
Q

valvul/o

A

Valve

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19
Q

varic/o

A

Dilated vein

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20
Q

vascul/o

A

Blood vessel

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21
Q

vas/o

A

Vessel

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22
Q

ven/o

A

Vein

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23
Q

ventricul/o

A

Ventricle

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24
Q

-manometer

A

Instrument to measure pressure

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25
Q

-ole

A

Small

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26
Q

-tension

A

Pressure

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27
Q

-tonic

A

Pertaining to tone

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28
Q

-ule

A

Small

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29
Q

AED

A

Automated external defibrillator

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30
Q

AF

A

Atrial fibrillation

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31
Q

AV

A

Atrioventricular

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32
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

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33
Q

bpm

A

Beats per minute

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34
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery bypass graft

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35
Q

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

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36
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

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37
Q

CP

A

Chest pain

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38
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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39
Q

ECG/EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

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40
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

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41
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

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42
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction, mitral insufficiency

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43
Q

PVC

A

Premature ventricular contraction

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44
Q

angiospasm

A

Involuntary muscle contraction of a vessel

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45
Q

angiostenosis

A

Narrowing of a vessel

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46
Q

arteriule

A

Small artery

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47
Q

atheroma

A

Fatty substance tumor/growth

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48
Q

arteriorrhexis

A

Ruptured artery

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49
Q

ventricular

A

Pertaining to ventricles

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50
Q

atrial

A

Pertaining to atria

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51
Q

tachycardia

A

State of fast heart

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52
Q

cardiomegaly

A

Enlarged heart

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53
Q

valvoplasty

A

Surgical repair of valve

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54
Q

arterial

A

Pertaining to an artery

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55
Q

aortic

A

Pertaining to the aorta

56
Q

vascular

A

Pertaining to a blood vessel

57
Q

venous

A

Pertaining to a vein

58
Q

interventricular

A

Pertaining to between ventricles

59
Q

cardiology

A

Study of the heart

60
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

Heart muscle disease

61
Q

pericarditis

A

Inflammation around heart

62
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

Artery hardening

63
Q

Polyarteritis

A

Inflammation of many arteries

64
Q

angiogram

A

Record of a vessel

65
Q

electrocardiography

A

Process of recording heart electricity

66
Q

intracoronary

A

Pertaining to within the heart

67
Q

thrombolytic

A

Clot destruction

68
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

Pertaining to heart and lungs

69
Q

Carries blood from the heart to the body and from the body to the heart

A

Systemic Circulation

70
Q

Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and from the lungs to the heart

A

Pulmonary Circulation

71
Q

Inner layer, lines heart chambers, smooth/thin layer that reduces friction as the blood passes through heart chambers

A

Endocardium

72
Q

Middle layer, thick muscle, contraction of this layer develops the pressure required to pump blood through blood vessels

A

Myocardium

73
Q

Outer layer, forms the visceral layer of pericardial sac, fluid between layers of this sac reduces friction as heart beats

A

Pericardium

74
Q

Large, thick-walled vessels that can contract or relax and they carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

75
Q

Network of tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connects arteries/veins and diffuses

A

Capillaries

76
Q

Thin-walled, valvular vessels with low pressure, veins carry blood toward the heart, pulmonary veins carry blood from the lungs

A

Veins

77
Q

What is the name of the upper chambers in the heart?

A

Atria

78
Q

What are the names of the 2 lower chambers in the heart?

A

Ventricles and Septum(divides L/R)

79
Q

The recieving chambers of the heart, blood enters atria through veins, deoxygenated blood from body enters the right atria vena cava

A

Atria

80
Q

The pumping chambers of the heart, blood exits the ventricles through arteries, deoxygentated blood exits the right ventricle and moves the the lungs via pulmonary artery

A

Ventricles

81
Q

T or F: Heart valves force blood to flow forward

A

True!

82
Q

Controls the opening between the right atrium and right ventricle, reffered to as an atrioventricular valve, has 3 leaves(cusps)

A

Tricuspid Valve

83
Q

Controls opening between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, prevents backflow of blood into right ventricle

A

Pulmonary Valve

84
Q

Controls the opening between the left atrium/left ventricle, it’s an atrioventricular valve, prevents backflow of blood into left atrium, has cusps

A

Bicupsid Valve

85
Q

Controls opening between left ventricle and aorta, prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle, a semilunar valve

A

Aortic Valve

86
Q

The relaxtion phase of heart chambers is called?

A

Diastole

87
Q

The contraction phase of heart chambers is called?

A

Systole

88
Q

During systole, blood is under a lot of pressure and gives the highest or lowest reading?

A

Highest reading

89
Q

During diastole, blood is under little pressure and gives the highest or lowest reading?

A

Lowest reading

90
Q

Involving diagnosis/tratment of conditions/diseases of the cardiovascular system.

A

Cardiology

91
Q

Healthcare professional trained to perform a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

A

Cardiovascular technologist/technician

92
Q

Condition of having a slow heart rate ; typically less than 60 bpm

A

Bradycardia

93
Q

Obstruction of a blood vessel by that blood clot that has been broken off from a thrombus

A

Embolus

94
Q

Area of necrotic tissue due to loss of blood supply

A

Infarct

95
Q

Local/temporary deficiency of blood supply due to a circulatory obstruction

A

Ischemia

96
Q

A sound in addition to normal heart sounds; may or may not indicate an abnormaility

A

Murmur

97
Q

Sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up suddenly

A

Orthostatic hypertension

98
Q

Pounding, racing heartbeats

A

Palpitations

99
Q

Yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery ; hallmark of atherosclerosis

A

Plaque

100
Q

To flow backwards ; in CU systems refers to backflow of blood through a valve

A

Regurgitation

101
Q

Blood clot within a blood vessel ; may partially or completely occlude blood vessel

A

Thrombus

102
Q

Severe pain and sensation of constriction aorund heart ; caused by myocardial ischemia

A

Angina pectoris

103
Q

Complete stopping of heart activity

A

Cardiac arrest

104
Q

Abnormally enlarged heart

A

Cardiomegaly

105
Q

Myocardial disease ; may be caused by viral inection, congestive heart failure, or alcohol abuse

A

Cardiomyopathy

106
Q

Hole, present at birth, in heart septum, allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

A

Congenital Septal Defect (CSD)

107
Q

Left ventricle muscle is to weak to efficiently pump blood, results in weakness

A

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

108
Q

Poor blood supply to heart muscle due to obstruction of coronary arteries, may cause angina pectoris

A

Cornoary artery disease (CAD)

109
Q

Inflammation of membranes lining the heart

A

Endocarditis

110
Q

Cusps are too loose and fail to shut tightly; allows regurgitation

A

Heart valve stenosis

111
Q

Occlusion of coronoary artery ; results in myocardial infarct

A

Myocardial Infarction (Ml)

112
Q

Inflammation of heart muscle layer

A

Myocarditis

113
Q

Inflammation of pericardial sac

A

Pericarditis

114
Q

Inflammation of a heart valve

A

Valvulitis

115
Q

Weakness and ballooning of arterial wall

A

Aneuysm

116
Q

Hardening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls ; often due to athersclerosis

A

Arteriosclerosis

117
Q

Deposit of fatty substance in wall of artery

A

Atheroma

118
Q

Most common form of arteriosclerosis ; lipid plagues form in arterial wall

A

Atherosclerosis

119
Q

Varicose veins in anal region

A

Hemorrhoid

120
Q

High blood pressure , essential hypertension due to CV disease

A

Hypertension

121
Q

Decrease in blood pressure, may be due to shock or anemia

A

Hypotension

122
Q

Swollen and distended veins, often in the legs

A

Varicose veins

123
Q

Listening to sounds within body using a stethoscope

A

Auscultation

124
Q

Blood pressure cuff, measures blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

125
Q

X-ray record of a vessel

A

Angiogram

126
Q

X-rays taken after injection of opaque due into blood vessel

A

Angiography

127
Q

Nuclear medicine scan using radioactive thallium

A

Cardiac scan

128
Q

Using ultrasound to produce an image of blood flowing through blood vessels in order to determine velocity

A

Doppler Ultrasonography

129
Q

Use of ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures

A

Echocardiography (ECHO)

130
Q

Catheter is threaded through blood vessel to heart, detects abnormalities

A

Cardiac catherization

131
Q

Flexible tube inserted in body to move fluids into or out of body

A

Catheter

132
Q

Hardcopy record produced by electrocardiography

A

Electrocardiogram (ECC, EKG)

133
Q

Portable ECG moniter worn by patient up to a few days to assess heart activities as person goes through daily activities

A

Holter moniter

134
Q

Evaluates cardiovascular fitness, patient excercises on treadmill of bicycle

A

Stress testing

135
Q

Procedure that converts irregular heartbeats, such as fibrillation using an electric shock

A

Defibrillation

136
Q

Routing blood to a heart-lung machine during a surgical prodecure

A

Extracorporeal Circulation (ECC)

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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