Unit 7 Flashcards
Albert Carr
Is business bluffing ethical
Bussiness as a game
Thomas Carson
Bluffing in Labour Negotiations: Legal and Ethical Issues
Honest Claims doctrine
established by the US Supreme Court for labour negotiations
The Quakers
thought charging different people different prices for the same thing was morally wrong
Everyday Low Prices (EDLP)
every single item is available for a low price all the time. It’s a fixed pricing strategy which is simple and transparent.
Sissela Bok
Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life
Deception
intentionally causing another to have false beliefs
St Augustine and Immanuel Kant
Absolutist position on lying
St Augustine and Immanuel Kant
Absolutist position on lying
Absolutist position
forbids lying under any circumstances.
Expedient Position
It is just one of many acts which are to be evaluated on whether they promote utility in a given case.
Bentham and Satre
Expedient position on lying
The Principle of Veracity (Bok)
in special circumstances and certain moral dilemmas, lying may be permissible.
3 arguments against lying
Lying as Violence
Lying and the Fabric of Trust
Lying and Respect for Autonomy (against paternalism)
Justifications for lying (Beam)
Right to Self-Defence Right to Privacy and to Avoid Self-Incriminatios Right to Fairness and to Avoid Being a Sucker Miscellaneous Justifications (Consent and White lies)
Cheater-Sucker dilemma.
when deception becomes common practice, there is (in a given sphere) no longer any “fabric of trust” to damage. When it is unclear whether this is the case, one is faced with a Cheater-Sucker dilemma.
Bribe
socially disapproved inducements of official action.
Grease Payments
to secure performance of a routine government service (
Realists vs. Moralists
Realist - your competitors use bribes and unless you are willing to meet this standard, competitive practice you will lose business
Moralist - cultural relativity is no excuse for unethical behavior
Extortion
when money is demanded by government officials, as opposed to bribes which are offered to them by companies
“When in Rome, do as the better Romans do” (Costs of Bribery)
Henry Lane & Donald Simpson
Bluffing
Bluffing is an act in which one attempts to misrepresent one’s intentions or overstate the strength of one’s position in the bargaining proces
Promotional Pricing (PROMO) or High-Low Pricing
attracts customers through regular sales on deeply discounted items. The point of the sales is promotional, not merely clearance
Lie
an intentionally deceptive message which is stated
Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act
CANADA
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
STATES
Transparency Rule
Will it be clear (transparent) to most people that you have a material connection with the company who sells the product or service? If not, you should make it clear
Disclosure Rule
Would most people care if they knew you had a material connection with the company who sells the product or service? Would it undermine your ability to influence? If yes, you should disclose. If no, it’s no big deal
