Unit 11

Question 1

Guidelines for Multinationals operating in the Third World.

Answer 1

Do no intentional direct harm.
Produce more good than bad for the host country (utilitarian principle).
Contribute to the host country’s development.
Respect employee human rights (minimum standards for pay, health, safety).
Pay their fair share of taxes.
Respect and work with local culture to the extent it doesn’t violate moral norms.
Cooperate with local government in the development of just background institutions (labour unions, taxes, regulations, redistribution of wealth).

Question 2

Richard De George

Answer 2

Seven Guidelines for Multinationals operating in the Third World

Question 3

Anthropocentrism

Answer 3

traditional moral view, upheld by Baxter, in which animals and nature only have value in reference to people.

Question 4

Animal Rights

Answer 4

gives weight to interests of other species, especially those that are sentient and can experience pleasure or pain

Question 5

Deep Ecology

Answer 5

gives weight to the interests not only of animals but of natural ecosystems.

Question 6

Tragedy of the Commons

Answer 6

takes its name from the common lands that formerly everyone could graze their sheep on, which tragically tended to be over-grazed. What nobody owns, and everyone can use, inevitably tends to be abused.

Question 7

Cost benefit analysis

Answer 7

It is based on the premis that everything of value can be quantified in terms of market value or willingness to pay.