Unit 6 (Learning) Flashcards
A relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience is known as ________
Learning
What is Associative Learning
When you learn that certain events occur together (Classical + Operant Conditioning)
What is Cognitive Learning
Observing others, watching others or using language to learn
What is the way that we learn that involves learning by connecting 2 things that happen is sequence
Classical Conditioning
What is the way that we learn that involves learning through reward and punishment
Operant Conditioning
What is the way that we learn that involves learning by watching others
Observational Learning (Social Learning)
Is Classical Conditioning Associative or Cognitive learning
Associative Learning
Is Operant Conditioning Associative or Cognitive learning
Associative Learning
Is observational learning (Social learning) Associative or Cognitive learning
Cognitive Learning
What types of behaviors does Classical Conditioning cause
Respondent Behavior (Behaviors that occur automatically due to a stimulus)
What types of behaviors does Operant Conditioning cause
Operant Behaviors (Learning because you got a consequence)
What types of behaviors does Observation learning (social Learning) cause
Learning by repeating what you’ve seen
______ ______ is considered the father of ________ _______ due to his experiments with salivating dogs
Ivan Pavlov, Classical Conditioning
What was Pavlov’s experiment
(THINK ABOUT ALL OF THE UNCONDITIONED/CONDITIONED STIMULUS AND RESPONSES AND MAYBE MAKE ANOTHER FEW FLASH CARDS)
Pavlov saw that dogs naturally salivated to meat, so he would ring a bell every time he gave a dog meat. Eventually, the dogs would salivate ant time the bell rang which proved Classical Conditioning
What is Acquisition
The first moment a connection occurs (In the Pavlov test it was the bell and the meat).
For best results, the natural stimulus needs to come a half second before the unconditioned stimulus
What is Higher Order Conditioning
It is the same as Classical Conditioning but with an extra step (EX: adding a flashing light before the bell for the Pavlov experiment)
What is Extinction
The moment a connection is lost (EX: When the dog stops salivating at the bell)
What is Spontaneous Recovery
The fact that After a rest period an extinguished learned behavior can return (EX: the dog will eventually start salivating at the bell again)
What is Stimulus Generalization
When anything close to the CS gets the desired response (EX: A dog salivates at a door bell because it sound similar)
What is Stimulus Descrimination
When only the CS gives the desired response (EX: the dog only salivates at the bell and NOTHING ELSE)
What did Pavlov forget to pay attention to during his experiments (probably on test) that talks about how thinking may have affected his research
Cognitive Processes (sometimes you can out think a conditioned stimulus)
A problem in Pavlov’s experiment were he thought all animals could be conditioned the same way. But some animals have a easier time making associations (preparedness)
Biological disposition (different animals are biologically different and react differently to things)
What experiment proved that biological disposition was real. And how did they prove it
- John Garcia’s (Koelling) rat studies
- They tested taste aversion in rats to see how quickly they could connect getting sick to different tastes, rats can do it quicker than other animals, proving BD
What is Pavlov’s legacy
- Considered the father of classical conditioning
- Contributed to what is now known as the behavioral perspective of psychology
