unit 6 hard test Flashcards

pray for me.

1
Q

direction of electricity in the septal vector

A

right to left

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2
Q

direction of electricity in the free wall

A

high to low

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3
Q

direction of electricity in the basal wall

A

low to high

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4
Q

what does the atrial vector create

A

the p wave

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5
Q

what are the causes of axis deviation

A

normal, MI (away), hypertrophy (towards), dysrhythmias, pregnancy/obesity (left), pulmonary problems (right), hemiblocks

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6
Q

right bundle branch block shape and causes

A

RSR’, wide qrs, normal or heart disease

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7
Q

left bundle branch block shapes and causes

A

RS, QS, wide qrs, severe heart diease

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8
Q

what is a hemiblock. qrs characteristic

A

a block in one of the fascicles of the LBB. does not cause a prolonged qrs

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9
Q

left anterior hemiblock

A

causes left axis deviation. more common

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10
Q

left posterior hemiblock

A

causes right axis deivation

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11
Q

when are hemiblocks concerning

A

when they are associated with RBBB

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12
Q

right ventricular hypertrophy characteristics

A

tall R wave in V1 that is bigger than the S wave, RAD, inverted T wave

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13
Q

right ventricular hypertrophy cause

A

chronic lung disease

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14
Q

left ventricular hypertrophy characteristic

A

R wave in v5/6 plus S wave in v1 is greater than 35 mm.

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15
Q

left ventricular hypertrophy cause

A

hypertension

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16
Q

what are the clinical implications of hypertrophy

A

increased oxygen demands by enlarged ventricle increasing the likelihood of ischemia

17
Q

what is a STEMI

A

ST elevation MI. MI in the full thickness of the myocardium

18
Q

what is a NSTEMI

A

non-ST elevation MI. MI in partial thickness of myocardium.

19
Q

how is a NSTEMI determined

A

characterized by the same EKG changes as ischemia, lab work and imaging must be done

20
Q

what indicates ischemia on an EKG

A

inverted T wave or ST segment depression

21
Q

what indicates injury on an EKG

A

ST segment elevation

22
Q

what indicates infarction on an EKG

A

significant q waves

23
Q

changes of ST segment in V2 to V4 indicate

A

anterior STEMI, left anterior descending

24
Q

changes in lead 2, 3, and aVF indicate

A

inferior STEMI, right coronary artery

25
Q

changes in lead 1, aVL, and v5/6 indicate

A

lateral STEMI, circumflex

26
Q

large R wave, upright T wave and ST depression in V1 and V2 indicate

A

posterior STEMI, right coronary artery or circumflex

27
Q

changes in 1, aVL, and V1 to V6 indicate

A

extensive anterior STEMI, left anterior descending or left main

28
Q

possible causes of ST segment elecation

A

myocarditis, pericarditis, hyperventilating, BBB, pacemakers, potassium imbalances