lab basics Flashcards
centrifuge
separates specimens into components
used to view skin scrapings
10x
used to count blood cells
40x high/dry
used to view bacteria
100x oil immersion
used to differentiate between white blood cells
100x oil immersion
used to view sediment in urine
40x high/dry
solution used to test equipment, similar to specimen
control
solution used to detect presence of another
reagent
a small sample of a specimen
aliquot
clean eye pieces and objective lenses with
lens paper
which career requires BA/MA
lab technologist
used to keep specimens at specific temperature
incubator
device that measures light through specimen
photometer
what PPE should be worn when processing specimens
all (gloves, gown, goggles, mask)
postprandial
after eating
what is an outside lab
a hospital based on independent lab, handles specimens from many facilities
reference lab
associated with medical schools, perform complex and infrequently used tests
physicians office laboratory
some labs ordered by the Dr., performed in office
General Duty clause
states that if guidelines do not already exist, agencies must do everything in their power to protect employees
medical safety data sheet includes
product identification, safety information and proper disposal/storage, potential health hazards, handling precautions, fire and explosion info
hazardous waste includes
blood and blood products, body fluids and tissues, cultures, vaccines, sharps, gloves, inoculation loops, paper contaminated with body fluids, must be labeled, sharps disposed of in sharp box, waste in biohazard bag
needle stick hazards act
requires agencies to lessen risk, ask for input from employees annually, keep detailed log of needle stick incidences
CLIA (clinical laboratory improvement amendments)
all labs that run tests on human specimens must be regulated
phlebotomist
high school or certificate, run certificate of waiver tests, collect specimens
laboratory technician
associate’s degree, level 1 tests, automated tests
laboratory technologist
BA or MA, level 1 test, manual test
pathologist test
PhD or MD, level 2 tests, complex interpretations
what are labs required to do for quality assurance
required to have policy/procedure that includes yearly training, quality control programs that use control samples to check equipment/reagents, calibration, maintenance, documentation of quality control protocols, proficiency testing
photometer
instrument to measure light intensity
autoclave
used to sterilize equipment or instruments
scanning microscope
40x, to find the specimen
100x
low power, skin scrapings
400x
high and dry power, urine, RBC, WBC
1000x
oil immersion, bacteria, differentials
tests that require precise timing
glucose levels, medication levels
what is necessary on blood sample label
patient’s name, patient’s ID number, date/time + initials of collector
hemolyzed blood
plasma is pink or red, result of phlebotomy technique
jaundiced blood (icteric)
plasma is green or yellow (due to bilirubin)
certificate of waiver tests include
pregnancy, urine, covid, hemoglobin
level 1 tests include
CBC, cholesterol, hematology
what is a quality assurance program
requires policies and procedures including proficiency testing, external quality control, and internal quality control testing
what is the result if a lab fails to provide documentation for quality control
fines, sanctions, loss of accreditation
what is proficiency testing
form of external quality control where a sample (aliquot) is sent to an outside lab for confirmation
