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Medical Terminology > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acous/o

-acusis

A

Hearing

Acoustic, presbycusis

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2
Q

Audi/o

A

Sound

Audiology

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3
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

Blepharospasm

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4
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

Hydrocephalus

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5
Q

Cerebr/o

A

Brain

Cerebral hemispheres

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6
Q

Cerumen/o

A

Ear wax

Cerumen impaction

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7
Q

Choroid

A

Middle layer of eye, between sclera and retina

Choroiditis

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8
Q

Chrom/o

A

Color

Monochromatic

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9
Q

Cochle/o

A

Cochlea

Cochlear implant

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10
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

Conjunctiva

Conjunctivitis

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11
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

Corneal abrasion

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12
Q

Crani/o

A

Head, skull

Intracranial pressure

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13
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tears

Dacryorrhea

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14
Q

Dur/o

A

Tough

Dura mater

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15
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

Encephalitis

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16
Q

Esthesi/o

A

Feeling/sensation

Anesthesia

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17
Q

Gangli/o

A

Bundle of neuron cell bodies

Ganglion

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18
Q

Gnos/o

A

Know

Diagnosis

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19
Q

Hypn/o

A

Sleep

Hypnosis

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20
Q

-ictal

A

Seizure

Postictal

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21
Q

Irid/o

Ir/o

A

Iris

Iridectomy, iritis

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22
Q

Kerat

A

Cornea

Keratoconjunctivitis

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23
Q

Kinesi/o

A

Movement

Kinesiology

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24
Q

Lob/o

A

Lobe

Lobectomy

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25
Q

-mania

A

Excessive desire

Pyromania

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26
Q

Media

A

Middle

Acute otitis media

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27
Q

Meningi/o

Mening/o

A

Meninges (membrane surrounding CNS)

Meningioma, meningitis

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28
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow (innermost), spinal cored

Myelitis

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29
Q

Myring/o

Tympan/o

A

Ear drum/tympanic membrane

Myringotomy, tympanostomy

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30
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

Neuron

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31
Q

Ocul/o
Ophthalm/o
Opt/o

A

Eye

Ocular, ophthalmic, optic

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32
Q
  • opia

- opsia

A

Vision condition

Presbyopia, anopsia

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33
Q

Osmia/o

A

Smell

Anosmia

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34
Q

Ot/o

A

Ear

Otitis

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35
Q

-paresis

A

Partial paralysis

Hemiparesis

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36
Q

Phac/o

Phak/o

A

Lens

Phacoemulsification

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37
Q

Phas/o

A

Speech

Aphasia

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38
Q

-phobia

A

Fear

Acrophobia

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39
Q

Phren/o

A

Mind

Schizophrenia

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40
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis

Paraplegic

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41
Q

Presby/o

A

Old age

Presbyopia

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42
Q

Psych/o

A

Mind

Psychosis

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43
Q

Pupil/o

A

Pupil of the eye

Pupillary reflex

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44
Q

Retin/o

A

Retina

Retinoscope

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45
Q

Salping/o

A

Auditory (Eustachian) tube

Salpingoscope

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46
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera

Sclerosis

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47
Q

Somn/o

A

Sleep

Insomnia

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48
Q

Tax/o

A

Arrangement, order, coordination

Ataxia

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49
Q

Ton/o

A

Muscle tension, pressure

Hypertonia

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50
Q

Vestibul/o

A

Vestibule

Vestibular nerve

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51
Q

acrophobia

A

fear of heights

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52
Q

acute otitis media

A

rapid onset middle ear inflammation/infection, common in children

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53
Q

age-related macular degeneration

A

loss of visual acuity due to degeneration of sensory receptors in macula area of retina

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54
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of outdoor spaces

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55
Q

amblyopia

A

decreased vision occurring in one eye, lazy eye

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56
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

degenerative disease of CNS, causes loss of muscle control; aka Lou Gehrig’s disease

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57
Q

anacusis

A

total deafness

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58
Q

anopsia

A

upward strabismus

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59
Q

anorexia

A

eating disorder characterized by patient’s refusal to eat

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60
Q

anosmia

A

lack of a sense of smell

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61
Q

anxiety

A

feeling of fear, nervousness, or unease

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62
Q

aphasia

A

loss/impairment of ability to use/understand words

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63
Q

astigmatism

A

imperfection in curvature of eye causing blurred vision

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64
Q

ataxia

A

inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements

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65
Q

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A

developmental disorder; persistent inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, distractibility

66
Q

blepharospasm

A

uncontrollable eyelid twitching

67
Q

bulimia

A

eating disorder, overeating followed by forced vomiting &/or excessive exercise

68
Q

cataract

A

progressive opacity of lens leading to blurred vision

69
Q

causalgia

A

painful sensation of burning

70
Q

cerebral aneurysm

A

widening of blood vessel in brain

71
Q

cerebral palsy

A

paralysis caused by damage to areas of brain responsible for movement

72
Q

cerebral thrombosis

A

blockage of blood vessel in brain caused by clot

73
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

stroke

74
Q

cerumen impaction

A

buildup of earwax blocking ear canal

75
Q

clonus

A

muscle spasm or twitching

76
Q

corneal abrasion

A

scratch of cornea

77
Q

dementia

A

decline or loss of mental function

78
Q

dyslexia

A

difficulty reading

79
Q

dysphoria

A

negative emotional state

80
Q

electroencephalogram

A

measure of brain’s electrical activity

81
Q

epilepsy

A

disease marked by seizures

82
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intra-ocular pressure, damages optic nerve

83
Q

hematoma

A

tumor-like mass of blood

84
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness/partial paralysis of one side of body

85
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

hereditary, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder; affects movement, thinking, reasoning, emotions, behavior

86
Q

hydrocephalus

A

excess fluid in spaces around/within brain

87
Q

hypertonia

A

excessive muscular tone/tension

88
Q

ischemic stroke

A

stroke caused by blockage in a cerebral artery

89
Q

keratoconjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

90
Q

miosis

A

abnormal pupillary constriction

91
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

immune system destroys myelin surrounding neurons, nerves “short circuit”

92
Q

mydriasis

A

abnormal pupillary dilation

93
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary back and forth eye movements

94
Q

paralysis

A

complete loss of sensation and motor function

95
Q

presbycusis

A

age-related hearing loss

96
Q

presbyopia

A

age-related loss of ability to focus eyes on close objects

97
Q

prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces

98
Q

psychosis

A

serious mental illness, defective/lost contact w reality, delusions

99
Q

schizophrenia

A

serious mental illness, disturbances in thought/perception/behavior, loss of emotional responsiveness, extreme apathy

100
Q

scotoma

A

dark spot in visual field

101
Q

strabismus

A

lazy eye

102
Q

syncope

A

fainting

103
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in ear/s

104
Q

transient ischemic attack

A

temporary blockage of blood vessel, resolves within 24 hours

105
Q

vertigo

A

dizziness

106
Q

analgesic

A

a drug that relieves pain

107
Q

anesthesia

A

without feeling or sensation

108
Q

anesthesiologist

A

doctor who specializes in anesthesiology

109
Q

anesthetic

A

a drug that causes loss of sensation

110
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

111
Q

cerebral angiography

A

procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain

112
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

colorless liquid secreted in brain ventricles, circulates around CNS

113
Q

cochlear implant

A

electronic device, stimulates cochlea to restore hearing

114
Q

hypnosis

A

induced sleep-like state, patient responds to suggestions

115
Q

intracranial pressure

A

pressure on brain tissue within skull

116
Q

intraocular pressure

A

pressure within eye

117
Q

iridectomy

A

surgical removal of the iris

118
Q

kinesiology

A

study of body movement

119
Q

lumbar puncture

A

insertion of needle into lumbar region of spinal column to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid for examination

120
Q

phacoemulsification

A

fragmentation of an existing lens in order to remove and replace it

121
Q

positron emission tomography

A

an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain

122
Q

rapid eye movement sleep

A

periods of deep sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, vivid dreaming, very low muscle tone

123
Q

retinoscope

A

instrument for observing the retina

124
Q

salpingoscope

A

instrument for observing the auditory (Eustachian) tube

125
Q

visual acuity

A

ability to see detail

126
Q

visual field

A

entire area visible without moving eyes

127
Q

ADHD

A

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

128
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease)

129
Q

AOT

A

acute otitis media

130
Q

ARMD

A

age-related macular degeneration

131
Q

Ast

A

astigmatism

132
Q

AU
AD
AS

A 
both ears (Latin – auris utraque) 
right ear (Latin – auris dextra) 
left ear (Latin- auris sinistra)
133
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

134
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy

135
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

136
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident, stroke

137
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

138
Q

EENT

A

eyes, ears, nose, and throat

139
Q

ENT

A

ears, nose, and throat

140
Q

HD

A

Huntington’s disease

141
Q

HEENT

A

head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat

142
Q

ICP

A

intracranial pressure

143
Q

IOP

A

intraocular pressure

144
Q

LASIK

A

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

145
Q

LOC

A

level of consciousness

146
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

147
Q

MS

A

multiple sclerosis

148
Q

Myop

A

myopia

149
Q

NIHL

A

noise induced hearing loss

150
Q

O.D.

A

Doctor of Optometry

151
Q

OCD

A

obsessive compulsive disorder

152
Q

OM

A

otitis media

153
Q

OU
OD
OS

A 
both eyes (Latin – oculus uterque) 
right eye (Latin – oculus dexter) 
left eye (Latin – oculus sinistra)
154
Q

PERRLA

A

pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation

155
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

156
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

157
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement (REM sleep)

158
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

159
Q

VA

A

visual acuity

160
Q

VF

A

visual field

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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