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Biology 223 - FALL 2022 > Unit 5 - ANS > Flashcards

Unit 5 - ANS Flashcards

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1
Q

the axon terminals of all preganglionic neurons release the chemical _______, which transmits impulses across the autonomic synapses.

A

acetylcholine

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2
Q

The axon terminals of almost all _______ neurons release acetylcholine into their synaptic junctions.

A

postganglionic parasympathetic

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3
Q

_________ axon terminals are the only axon terminals to release norepinephrine.

A

postganglionic sympathetic

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4
Q

axons whose terminals release _______ are called cholinergic fibers

A

acetylcholine

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5
Q

axons whose terminals release acetylcholine are called what?

A

cholinergic fibers

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6
Q

______ are axon fibers that release chiefly N. epinephrine

A

adrenergic fibers

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7
Q

adrenergic fibers are axons that release chiefly _____.

A

N. epinephrine

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8
Q

all preganglionic fibers and all parasympathetic postganglionic fibers are classified as ________ fibers.

A

cholinergic

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9
Q

postganglionic sympathetic fibers are the only fibers known definitely to be ________

A

adrenergic

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10
Q

the chemical transmitter presumably released only by postganglionic sympathetic fibers is

A

N. epinephrine

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11
Q

diarrhea would be a __________response.

A

parasympathetic

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12
Q

the general function of this nervous system is to regulate the responses of the visceral effectors in ways that tend to enable the body to expend maximal energy

A

sympathetic nervous system

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13
Q

a drug that inhibits the parasympathetic system would or would not make your mouth feel dry

A

WOULD

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14
Q

a drug that inhibits the parasympathetic system would or would not constrict your pupils

A

would not

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15
Q

a drug that inhibits the parasympathetic system would or would not make your heart beat faster

A

would

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16
Q

a drug that inhibits the parasympathetic system would or would not make you constipated

A

would

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17
Q

is cranial sacral parasympathetic or sympathetic

A

parasympathetic

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18
Q

is the thoracocolumbar parasympathetic or sympathetic

A

sympathetic

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19
Q

a neurotransmitter used by preganglionic neuron (parasympathetic)

A

acetylcholine

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20
Q

a neurotransmitter used by a preganglionic neuron (sympathetic)

A

acetylcholine

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21
Q

a type of RECEPTOR found on postganglionic neuron (parasympathetic)

A

nicotinic

22
Q

a type of RECEPTOR found on postganglionic neuron (sympathetic)

A

nicotinic

23
Q

a neurotransmitter used by postganglionic neuron (parasympathetic)

A

acetylcholine

24
Q

a neurotransmitter used by postganglionic neuron (sympathetic)

A

N. epinephrine

25
Q

a type of RECEPTOR usually found on effector (parasympathetic)

A

MUSCARINIC

26
Q

A type of RECEPTOR found on effector (sympathetic)

A

ALPHA & BETA

27
Q

What division of the ANS has only one type of ganglia?

A

Parasympathetic division

28
Q

What division of the ANS has two types of ganglia?

A

Sympathetic division

29
Q

What is the name of the parasympathetic ganglion?

A

terminal

30
Q

where is the terminal type of ganglia located?

A

close to its target

31
Q

what are the 2 types of ganglia in the sympathetic division of the ANS?

A

sympathetic chain (vertebra) ganglia
collateral (pre-vertebral) ganglia

32
Q

where are the sympathetic chain (vertebral) ganglia located?

A

along spinal cord

33
Q

where are the collateral (prevertebral) ganglia located?

A

anterior to the vertebrae

34
Q

if a surgeon severs the “white ramus communicantes” during surgery what neurons have been cut?

A

preganglionic sympathetic neurons

35
Q

if a surgeon severs the “gray rams communicantes” during surgery what neurons have been cut?

A

postganglionic sympathetic neurons

36
Q

The _____ division of the ANS is also known as the thoracocolumbar

A

sympathetic

37
Q

The _____ division of the ANS is also know as the craniosacral

A

parasympathetic

38
Q

What cranial nerves contribute to the parasympathetic division of the PNS?

A

3, 7, 9, 10

39
Q

What cranial nerves contribute to the sympathetic division of the ANS?

A

NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE NONE

40
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

A

S2-S4

41
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the sympathetic division of the ANS?

A

T1-L2

42
Q

Which division of the ANS has a general effect on the entire body at one time?

A

parasympathetic

43
Q

Which divines of the ANS has a localized effect on the body?

A

sympathetic

44
Q

The location of the ANS ganglia affects the length of what pre-ganglionic neurons?

A

parasympathetic division

45
Q

Which division will have relatively short pre-ganglionic neurons?

A

sympathetic division

46
Q

Which division will have relatively long post-ganglionic neurons?

A

sympathetic division

47
Q

which division will have relatively short post-ganglionic neurons?

A

parasympathetic divison

48
Q

know how gray and white matter is arranged in spinal cord

A

horns, commissures, etc

49
Q

tracts are AKA

A

fasciculi a “unit of organization” can see this word in different contexts

white columns
bundles of axons
relay same info in same direction

50
Q

gray matter of spinal cord organized into functional groups called

A

nuclei

have sensory nuclei on dorsal side, and motor nuclei on ventral side

51
Q

3 CT layers of spinal cord

A

epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Biology 223 - FALL 2022 (14 decks)

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