UNIT 4 VOCABULARY PART 2 Flashcards
coevolution
Process by which two or more interacting species evolve together, each changing as a result of changes in the other or other
example- predator and prey
population genetics
The branch of science that deals with the statistical analysis of the inheritance and prevalence of genes in populations and genetic divergence between populations
microevolution
evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period
gene pool
the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population
allele frequency
a measure of how common an allele is in a population
phenotype frequency
a ratio stating the number of times a specific phenotype occurs in a population in a single generation
immigration
migration into a place (usually where you are not native)
an individual permanently moves from one area to another thus affecting the new population it has entered
entering a foreign country to live
eimgration
new species coming into a population
leaving your country to live in another
gene flow
transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another
genetic drift
random changes in the frequency of alleles in a gene pool, usually of small populations
sexual selection
a form on natural selection in which the male or female is attracted by certain characteristics, form, behavior, etc. in the opposite sex; thus modifications of a special nature are brought about in the species
stabilizing selection
a type of selection that removes individuals from both ends of a phenotypic distribution thus maintaining the same distribution mean
favors the intermediate variants
opposite of disruptive selection
disruptive selection
favors both the extremes at the expense of the average
extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values
directional selection
an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes causing allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype
binomial nomenclature
each species is given a unique name that consists of a generic and a specific term
first part being the genus and the second the specific epithet
taxonomy
the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of different characteristics
phylogenetics
a branch of science that deals with phylogeny :
the evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms
phylogenetic diagram
shows the evolution of organisms, linking them to common ancestors by how genetically similar they are\
these have branches that represent evolutionary time and amount of change which a cladogram does not show
cladogram
branching treelike diagram used to illustrate evolutionary relationships among organisms
derived character
features in organisms that have been modified for specific functions as a result of evolution
