UNIT 4 VOCABULARY PART 2

Question 1

coevolution

Answer 1

Process by which two or more interacting species evolve together, each changing as a result of changes in the other or other
example- predator and prey

Question 2

population genetics

Answer 2

The branch of science that deals with the statistical analysis of the inheritance and prevalence of genes in populations and genetic divergence between populations

Question 3

microevolution

Answer 3

evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period

Question 4

gene pool

Answer 4

the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population

Question 5

allele frequency

Answer 5

a measure of how common an allele is in a population

Question 6

phenotype frequency

Answer 6

a ratio stating the number of times a specific phenotype occurs in a population in a single generation

Question 7

immigration

Answer 7

migration into a place (usually where you are not native)
an individual permanently moves from one area to another thus affecting the new population it has entered
entering a foreign country to live

Question 8

eimgration

Answer 8

new species coming into a population

leaving your country to live in another

Question 9

gene flow

Answer 9

transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another

Question 10

genetic drift

Answer 10

random changes in the frequency of alleles in a gene pool, usually of small populations

Question 11

sexual selection

Answer 11

a form on natural selection in which the male or female is attracted by certain characteristics, form, behavior, etc. in the opposite sex; thus modifications of a special nature are brought about in the species

Question 12

stabilizing selection

Answer 12

a type of selection that removes individuals from both ends of a phenotypic distribution thus maintaining the same distribution mean
favors the intermediate variants
opposite of disruptive selection

Question 13

disruptive selection

Answer 13

favors both the extremes at the expense of the average

extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values

Question 14

directional selection

Answer 14

an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes causing allele frequency to shift over time in the direction of that phenotype

Question 15

binomial nomenclature

Answer 15

each species is given a unique name that consists of a generic and a specific term
first part being the genus and the second the specific epithet

Question 16

taxonomy

Answer 16

the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of different characteristics

Question 17

phylogenetics

Answer 17

a branch of science that deals with phylogeny :

the evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic grouping of organisms

Question 18

phylogenetic diagram

Answer 18

shows the evolution of organisms, linking them to common ancestors by how genetically similar they are\

these have branches that represent evolutionary time and amount of change which a cladogram does not show

Question 19

cladogram

Answer 19

branching treelike diagram used to illustrate evolutionary relationships among organisms

Question 20

derived character

Answer 20

features in organisms that have been modified for specific functions as a result of evolution