Quiz On Evolution Flashcards
Spontaneous generation
Idea that nonliving things could produce living things
Francesco redi helped disprove theory
Biogenesis
Idea that living organisms come only from other living organisms
(Accepted today)
First cells
Prokaryotes
Were anaerobic and heterotrophic
What happened after prokaryotes
Autotrophs evolved when all the food was used up by chemosynthesis
What organism evolved after autotrophs
Photosynthesis prokaryotes
Helped increase O2 in atmosphere
Endosymbiont theory
Theory that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells
What engulfed what
Large prokaryotic unicellular organisms engulf smaller prokaryotic organisms
What r the four key points of natural selection
Overproduction
Genetic variation
Struggle to survive
Differential reproduction
What is natural selection
Differential reproductive success
Survival of the fittest
Those who r eliminated in the struggle for existence r unfit
Fitness
A measure of the reproductive success of an organism, not physical conditioning
Evidence
Fossils Homologous structures Analogous structures Vestigial structures Embryology Biochemistry Molecular homologies
Fossils
Provide a record of early life and evolutionary history
Homologous structures
Similar in function or structure
Evidence that organisms evolved from a common ancestor
Adapt for survival within the environment
Analogous structures
Body parts of organisms that do not have a common evolutionary origin, but are similar in function
Vestigial structures
Body structure that has no function in a present day organism but was probably useful to an ancestor
Embryology
Similarities among embryos among different species suggest evolution from a common ancestor
Biochemistry
Comparisons of DNA and RNA
Provides evolutionary evidence between individuals and species
Molecular homologies
Organisms can contain similarities in molecular structure
If two species have genes and proteins with sequences that match closely, the sequences have probably been copied from a common ancestor
What is a cladogram and how is it used
It’s a tree like diagram used to illustrate evolutionary relationships among organisms
