Unit 4 Topic 2 Flashcards
What is the function of spermatogenic cells?
stem cells that begin producing sperm at puberty
What are the supporting/nursing cells of the male reproductive system?
sertoli cells
How far do sertoli cells extend?
from basal lamina to luminal surface
How are sertoli cells interconnected?
tight juntions
What forms the blood-testis barrier?
tight junctions between sertoli cells
What is broken/created in Sertoli cells to move developing cells through the cell?
zona occludans
What cell produces testicular fluid?
sertoli cell
What cell carries out phagocytosis to remove excess cytoplasm?
sertoli cells
What do Sertoli cells produce large amounts of to allow for an appropriate response to testosterone?
androgen binding protein
What is the function of myoid cells?
propel sperm throughout the tubule by peristalsis
Where are interstital cells found?
found between ST’s
What is the purpose of interstital cells?
produce testosterone
What is the final trigger for spermatogenesis?
testosterone production from interstital cells
Do interstital cells produce endocrine or exocrine secretions?
endocrine
What does Spermatogonia go through in meiosis?
diploid stem cells replicate to make diploid stem cells
What does Primary Spermatocyte go through in meiosis?
undergo meiosis I
What does secondary spermatocyte go through in meiosis?
undergo meiosis II
What does spermatids go through in meiosis?
haploid cells that differentiate into spermatozoa
What phase accumulates granules in the Golgi complex to become acorosomal vesicle?
golgi phase
What happens to sperm in the cap phase?
formation of acrosomal cap
What phase do spermatids reorient their heads to become embedded in Sertoli cell, flagella extends into lumen?
acrosome phase
What phase of spermatid remodeling condenses/elongates the nucleus?
acrosome phase
What happens in the maturation phase?
reduction of excess cytoplasm around flagella to form spermatozoon
What is the path of sperm?
epididymis–>vas defrens–> urethra
What does the seminal vesicle contribute to semen?
produces viscous fluid that includes fructose, prostaglandins, and proteins that can cause slight coagulation of semen after ejaculation
What does fructose do for sperm?
energy source
What do prostaglandins contribute to sperm?
contribute to mobility/viability of sperm
What accessory gland produces a thin, milk colored secretion that enhances the motility of sperm?
prostate gland
What enzymes are produced by the prostate gland?
protein splitting enzymes, citric acid, and other ions
What accesory gland produces an alkaline mucus like fluid that neutralizes the acidity of urine in the urethra and provides lubrication?
Bulborethral Gland
