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Histology > Unit 2 Topic 3 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Topic 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the neuron is numerous, highly branched and has non-myelinated cytoplasmic processes?

A

dendrites

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2
Q

What serves in signal reception and information processing?

A

dendrites

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3
Q

What determines if an action potential is generated by membrane alterations?

A

dendrites

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4
Q

What are dendritic spines involved in?

A

synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory formation

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5
Q

What part of the neuron contains the nucleus and biosecretory pathway?

A

body

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6
Q

What part of the neural body is used to assemble/transport neurotransmitters?

A

RER=nissl bodies/substance

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7
Q

What is a single projection that releases neurotransmitters from a conductive region?

A

Axon

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8
Q

What is the axonal transport?

A

uses molecular motors to transport substances down cytoskeletal elements

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9
Q

Anterograde

A

toward terminal

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10
Q

Retrograde

A

toward body

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11
Q

Axon terminals

A

expanded ends that make contact with dendrites, cell bodies of other neurons, or effector cells

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12
Q

What is included in a synapse?

A

includes presynaptic cell, postsynaptic cell, and space where neurotransmitters are released

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13
Q

What is the synaptic cleft?

A

gap between cells composed of adhesion molecules and is the location of released neurotransmitters

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14
Q

Meissner Plexus

A

ganglia in submucosa

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15
Q

Auerbach Plexus

A

ganglia between circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle

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16
Q

What connects capillaries that affect the permeability of the blood brain barrier by regulating the movement of small molecules?

A

Astrocytes

17
Q

What connects blood vessels and nerves in the CNS?

A

Astrocytes

18
Q

What cells contact multiple axons of CNS neurons to form the myelin sheath?

A

Oligodendrocytes

19
Q

What cells of the CNS originate from bone marrow and differentiate into phagocytic cells?

A

microglia

20
Q

What cells form a layer that lines the spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid and subarachnoid space and functions to produce and circulate CSF via cilia?

A

Ependymal Cells

21
Q

What forms the myelin sheath segment between nodes of ranvier around a single axon or enclose multiple unmyelinated axons in the PNS?

A

Schwann Cells

22
Q

What PNS cells surround cell bodies of neurons in ganglia?

A

Satellite Cells

23
Q

What is directly tied to myelination?

A

regeneration

24
Q

How does regeneration work in the PNS?

A

schwann cells divide and develop bands that bridge the gap and serve as a guide for new axons sprouts from the injury site toward the effector

25
Q

Can the CNS regenerate? Why or why not?

A

No; it is not considered possible due to death of the oligodendrocytes

Histology (15 decks)

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