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Histology > Unit 2 Topic 4 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Topic 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the outer tunic of the eye?

A

cornea and sclera

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2
Q

What is the structure of the cornea?

A

avascular and transparent due to 17 orthogonal arrangment of collagen fiber; layer of nonkeratinized stratified squamous

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3
Q

What is the primary refractive element of the eye?

A

cornea

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4
Q

What is the structure of the sclera?

A

dense connective tissue with collagen fibers running in various directions and interspersed elastic fibers

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5
Q

What is the main function of the outer tunic?

A

supportive

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6
Q

What is the main function of the middle tunic?

A

vascular

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7
Q

Where is the choroid located?

A

between the sclera and the retina

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8
Q

What part of the eye is primarily WBCs in loose connective tissue?

A

Choroid

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9
Q

What is Burch’s membrane?

A

contains collagen and elastin; assists in refraction between the pigmented layer and the retina

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10
Q

What is the contractile diapraghm that controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

A

Iris

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11
Q

What is the thickened anterior portion of the vascular coat located between the iris and choroid?

A

Ciliary body

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12
Q

What is the lens connected to and how is it connected?

A

ciliary body; zona occludens holds the lens

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13
Q

What produces the aqueous humor?

A

ciliary body

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14
Q

How is the lens transparent?

A

due to intracellular crystallins

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15
Q

Is the lens vascular or avascular?

A

avascular

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16
Q

What is the superficial pigmented layer that absorbs light to precent reflection and has long microvilli?

A

retina

17
Q

Where is the photosensitive region with cells located?

A

deep neural layer of the retina

18
Q

What part of the eye is highly vascularized connective tissue with stromal melanocytes and fibroblasts?

A

iris

19
Q

What controls eye color?

A

melanocytes

20
Q

What is the sphincter papillae?

A

smooth muscle that facilitates constriction through PNS innervation and found at the pupillary margin

21
Q

What are the 2 fused layers of the Iris?

A

-anterior epithelium of myoepithelial cells that constitutes the dilator papillae muscle that facilitates dilation by SNS innervation
-posterior highly pigmented epithelium that blocks light not coming from the pupil

22
Q

What is the watery juice in the anterior and posterior chamber that is constantly in production and resorption?

A

aqueous humor

23
Q

What drains the aqueous humor?

A

drained by Canal of Schlemm into the venous system

24
Q

Viterous Humor

A

gelatinous cushion in viterous chamber or posterior segment

25
Q

What produces the viterous humor?

A

non pigmented cells of the ciliary body

26
Q

What is the function of the viterous humor?

A

diffues pressure by acting as a shock absorber and distributes force

27
Q

What is the path of light through the eye?

A

-inner limiting membrane
-Nerve fiber layer
-Layer of ganglion cells
-Inner plexiform
-Inner nuclear layer
-Outer plexiform
-Outer nuclear layer
-Outer limiting membrane
-Photoreceptive
-Retinal pigment epithelium

28
Q

Where is the crista ampullaris located?

A

located in ampulla of the semicircular canals of the inner ear

29
Q

What is the function of the crista ampullaris?

A

-sense angular movements of the head
-signal transduction through mechanically gated channels following hair cell movement

30
Q

What is the thing in the crista ampullaris that helps with signal transduction?

A

hair cells with stereocillia within three semicircular ducts

31
Q

Where is the maculae located?

A

in the utricle and saccule of the vestibule of the inner ear

32
Q

What is the mechanism for maculae?

A

hair cells with stereocilia; otoliths drag stereocilia

33
Q

What is the function of maculae?

A

sense gravity and linear acceleration

34
Q

Where is the organ of corti located?

A

located in the cochlea of the inner ear

35
Q

What is the function of the organ of corti?

A

signal transduction

36
Q

Where is the endolymph located?

A

is located in the membranous labyrinth of Scala media

37
Q

Where is the perilymph?

A

contained within the bony membrane of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani

38
Q

How are mechanical sound waves transduced?

A

Signal transuction occurs in the spinal organ/ organ of Corti on the floor of the scala media
-The basilar membrane moves up in response to perilymph movement in the scala tympani
-Taller stereocilia of outer hair cells within the endolymph displace
-Ion channels open and K enters the hair cell depolarization
-Hair cells release neurotransmitters at the basal domain
-The cochlear nerve depolarization or hyperpolarized

Histology (15 decks)

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