Unit 4 - Nutrition (Teen Health 2) Flashcards
Nutrients
Substances in foods that your body needs to grow, have energy, and stay health
Carbohydrates
The starches and sugars found in foods
Fiber
A complex carbohydrate that the body cannot break down or use for energy
Proteins
The nutrient group used to build and repair cells
Fats
Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your skin healthy
Saturated Fats
Fats that are usually solid at room temperature
Unsaturated Fats
Fats that are usually liquid at room temperature
Cholesterol
The waxy, fat-like substance that the body uses to build cells and make other substances
Trans Fatty Acids
A kind of fat formed when hydrogen is added to vegetable oil during processing
Vitamins
Compounds that help to regulate body processes
Minerals
Substances your body uses to form healthy bones and teeth, keep blood healthy, and keep the heart and other organs working properly
Nutrition
The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health
MyPyramid Food Guidance System
A guide for developing a healthful eating plan
Calorie
Unit of heat that measures the energy available in foods
Nutrient Dense
Having a high amount of nutrients relative to the number of calories
Digestion
The process by which the body break down food into smaller pieces that can be absorbed by the blood and sent to each cell in your body
Digestive System
The group of organs that work together to break down foods into substances that your cells can use
Saliva
A digestive juice produced by the salivary glands in your mouth
Enzyme
A substance that aids in the body’s chemical reactions
Small Intestine
A coiled tube from 20 to 23 feet long, in which about 90% of digestion takes place
Excretion
The process the body uses to get rid of waste
Excretory System
The group of organs that work together to remove waste
Kidneys
Organs that remove waste material, including salts, from the blood
Colon
A tube 5 to 6 feet in length that plays a part in both digestion and excretion
Pancreas
A gland that helps the small intestine by producing pancreatic juice, a blend of enzymes that breaks down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats
Liver
A digestive gland that secretes a substance called bile, which helps to digest fats
Body Image
Th way you see your body
Body Mass Index (BMI)
A method for assessing your body size by taking your height and weight into account (it is inaccurate)
Eating Disorders
Extreme eating behaviors that can lead to serious illness or even death
Anorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder in which a person strongly fears gaining weight and starves him/herself
Bulimia Nervosa
An eating disorder in which a person repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then purges
Binge Eating
A disorder in which a person repeatedly eats too much food at one time
