Unit 2 - Noncommunicable Diseases (Preventing Disease) Flashcards
Noncommunicable Disease
A disease that cannot be spread from one person to another
Chronic
Present continuously on and off over a long period of time
Chronic Diseases
Diseases that are present continuously on and off over a long period of time
Degenerative Diseases
Cause a further breakdown in body cells, tissues, and organs as they progress
Congenital Disorders
All disorders that are present when a baby is born
Heredity
The passing of traits from parents to their biological children
Cancer
A disease that occurs when abnormal cells multiply out of control
Tumor
A group of abnormal cells that forms a mass
Benign Tumor
Not cancerous
Malignant Tumor
Cancerous
Risk Factors
Characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a medical disorder or disease
Carcinogen
A substance that can cause cancer
Biopsy
Removal of a tissue sample from a person for examination
Radiation Therapy
Treatment that uses X-rays or other forms of radiation to kill cancer cells
Chemotherapy
Use of powerful medicines to destroy cancer cells
Remission
Period during which cancer signs and symptoms disappear
Recurrence
The return of cancer after a remission
Arteriosclerosis
A group of disorders that cause a thickening and hardening of the arteries
Atherosclerosis
A condition of arteriosclerosis that occurs when fatty substances build up on the inner lining of the arteries
Heart Attack
A serious condition that occurs when the blood supply to the heart slows or stops and the heart muscle is damaged
Hypertension
A condition in which the pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stats at a level that is higher than normal
Stroke
Serious condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked
Angioplasty
A surgical procedure in which an instrument with a tiny balloon, drill bit, or laser attached is inserted into a blocked artery to clear a blockage
Diabetes
A disease that prevents the body from converging food into energy
Insulin
A protein made in the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose in the blood
Type 1 Diabetes
A condition in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas
Type 2 Diabetes
A condition in which the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces
Arthritis
A disease of the joints marked by pain and swelling in body joints
Osteoarthritis
A chronic disease that is characterized by the breakdown of the cartilage in joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
A chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness of the joints
Allergy
An extreme sensitivity to a substance
Allergens
Substances that cause allergic responses
Pollen
A powdery substance released by the flowers of some plants
Histamines
Chemicals that the immune cells release to draw more blood and lymph to the area affected by the allergen
Hives
Raised bumps on the skin that are very itchy
Antihistamines
Medicines that reduce the production of histamines
Asthma
A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes air passages to become narrow or blocked, making breathing difficult
Bronchodilator
A medication that relaxes the muscles around the air passages
