Unit 3 - Physical Activity and Fitness (Teen Health 2) Flashcards
Physical Activity
Any movement that makes your body use extra energy
Fitness
Being able to handle physical work and play each day without getting overly tired
Exercise
Planned physical activity done regularly to build or maintain one’s fitness
Endurance
The ability to perform difficult physical activity without getting overly tired
Muscle Endurance
The ability of a muscle to repeatedly use force over a period of time
Cardiovascular Endurance
The measure of how well your heart and lungs work during moderate to vigorous physical activity or exercise
Strength
The ability of your muscles to use force
Flexibility
The ability to move joints fully and easily through a full range of motion
Body Composition
The proportions of fat, bone, muscle, and fluid that make up body weight
Aerobic Exercise
Rhythmic, moderate to vigorous activity that uses large amounts of oxygen and works the heart and lungs
Anaerobic Exercise
Intense physical activity that builds muscle but does not use large amounts of oxygen
Skeletal System
Framework of bones and other tissues that supports the body
Joints
The places where two or more bones meet
Tendons
A type of connecting tissue that joins muscles to bone and muscles to muscles
Ligaments
A type of connecting tissue that holds bones to other bones at the joint
Cartilage
Strong, flexible tissue that allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissues
Muscular System
Tissues that move parts of the body and control the organs
Circulatory System
Group of organs and tissues that act as transfer stations carrying needed materials to cells and removing their waste products
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and to various parts of the body
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body back to the heart
Capillaries
Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from almost all body cells and connect arteries and veins
Pulmonary Circulation
When blood travels from the heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart
Systemic Circulation
When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body tissues except the lungs
Blood Pressure
The force of the blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels
Plasma
The yellowish, watery part of blood
Warm-up
Gentle exercises that get heart muscles ready for moderate to vigorous exercises
Cooldown
Gentle exercises that let the body adjust to ending a workout
FITT
Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
Frequency
The number of days you workout each week
Intensity
How much energy you use when you work out
Target Heart Rate
The number of heartbeats per minute that you should aim for during moderate to vigorous aerobic activity to help your circulatory system the most
Dehydration
The excessive loss of water from the body
Anabolic Steroids
Substances that cause muscle tissue to develop at an abnormally high rate
Conditioning
Training to get into shape for physical activity or a sport
Overworking
Conditioning too hard or too often without enough rest between sessions
Sprain
Injury to the ligament connecting bones at a joint
Tendonitis
Painful inflammation and swelling of a tendon caused by overuse
Dislocation
A major injury that occurs when a bone is forced from its normal position within a joint
Fracture
A break in a bone
Stress Fracture
A small fracture caused by repeated strain on a bone
