Unit 4 Lecture 21 Topic 2

Question 1

Mechanical Hazards:

Answer 1

Hazards where there is the potential for injury occurring due to impact with another object.

Question 2

Rigid Materials:

Answer 2

Spread impact over a larger surface area (e.g., chainmesh, shin guards, shells in a helmet).

Question 3

Foam Materials:

Answer 3

Used to absorb energy on impact (e.g. foam in bike helmets).

Question 4

Layered fabrics:

Answer 4

Fabrics with high tensile strength and high elongation at break can be layered to provide protection (e.g. ballistic vests).

Question 5

Chemical Hazard:

Answer 5

Chemical hazards can be toxic, corrosive, radioactive, explosive, flammable and strongly reactive to chemicals. They can lead to chemical burns and potential long-term health conditions like cancer.

Question 6

Biological hazard:

Answer 6

Infectious agents such as bacteria and viruses which can cause sickness and even death transmitted via blood and bodily fluids.

Question 7

What is necessary in textiles in order to protect against chemical hazards?

Answer 7

Materials must be impermeable (or minimally permeable) to the chemical hazard and should resist degradation by chemicals they are supposed to protect against.

Question 8

What is necessary in textiles in order to protect against biological hazards?

Answer 8

Materials must be impermeable to the biological hazard.

Question 9

UV Radiation:

Answer 9

Exposure to UV radiation can cause skin to tan, burn and result in ageing and skin cancer. Clothing may or may not provide adequate protection against UV radiation. Some clothing can be rated with a Sun (UV) Protection Factor known as UPF. Fabrics with greater covering power (i.e., how opaque the fabric is) will provide better protection than those with lower cover. Other factors such as colour, fibre content, and additives can influence UV protection.

Question 10

Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment:

Answer 10

Made of spandex and nylon, chilled water keeps the wearer cool and there are vents and wicking to keep sweat away.

Question 11

Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment:

Answer 11

This is the outer layer of space suits. It prevents heat loss, protects from solar radiation, protects from micrometeoroids and other space debris, but could be punctured and depressurized.