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3/4 Health and Human Development > UNIT 4 -AOS1B > Flashcards

UNIT 4 -AOS1B Flashcards

1
Q

sustainable human development

A

is a process of people striving to achieve their full potential, lead productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs w/o compromising the opportunities for future generations

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2
Q

sustainability

A

meeting the needs of the present w/o compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

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3
Q

human development

A

creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential, lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs + interests

expanding peoples choices and capabilities, having access to knowledge, health, decent standards of living + participating in the life of their community + decisions affecting their lives.

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4
Q

poverty

A

a condition characterised by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including: food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health,shelter and education .

measured by people living on less than 1.25 a day or below poverty line

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5
Q

global health

A

the health of populations in a worldwide context that goes beyond the perspectives and concerns of individual countries. Global health is about international collaborative approach to achieving equity in health of all people worldwide.

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6
Q

name Goal 1

A

No Poverty

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7
Q

describe goal 1 - No Poverty

A
  • aims to eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030, measured by people living under $1.25 per day
  • aims to ensure all people have equal rights and access to social protection systems, essential resources, financial services and ownership of land
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8
Q

goal 1 - no poverty, why is it important ?

A
  • millions of people globally are still living in extreme poverty meaning they experience deprivation on:shelter, affording food, healthcare, safe water/ sanitation + education
  • results in high rates of morbidity + mortality
  • less able to participate in making decisions which affect lives, or experience discrimination/exclusion from society
  • reduced capacity to develop economy allowing poverty to continue
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9
Q

name goal 2

A

Zero Hunger

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10
Q

describe goal 2 - zero hunger

A
  • aims to end all forms of hunger, malnutrition by ensuring access to safe, nutritious foods all year round, improving food security
  • aims to improve sustainable agriculture productivity, including adaptions to climate change
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11
Q

goal 2 - zero hunger, why is it important ?

A
  • millions of people still globally experience chronic hunger and malnutrition. Resulting in high mortality rates in children
  • malnutrition and hunger results in stunting and a weakened immune system resulting in increased morbidity
  • due to increase in morbidity, less likely to attend school + adults unable to work to earn income contributing to cycle of poverty and hunger
  • food systems are being degraded, resulting in reduced supply of nutrition
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12
Q

name goal 3

A

Good health and well being

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13
Q

describe goal 3 - Good health and well being

A
  • aims to improve physical and mental health d well being in all countries by reducing morbidity and mortality rates
  • aims to reduce: maternal, infant , U5MR, premature mortality from both communicable + non communicable diseases (AIDS, malaria, water borne diseases)
  • reduce injuries and mortality from road trauma and substance abuse
  • aims to ensure universal health cover (health care, medications,vaccines) and access to contraception and reproductive health
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14
Q

goal 3 - Good health and well being, why is it important ?

A
  • millions of people still die globally from preventable causes, such as communicable: HIV/AIDS, malaria and non communicable: CVD
  • maternal mortality rates are high due to lack of access to antenatal health care
  • infant and child mortality rates, which could be prevented through: access to clean water + sanitation, nutritious foods, healthcare, vaccines
  • mental health conditions , road trauma, substance abuse contributes to BOD
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15
Q

name goal 4

A

quality education

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16
Q

describe goal 4 - Quality education

A
  • aims to ensure all girls and boys have access to quality education, from pre primary through to tertiary. Completing of free primary and secondary education
  • aims to ensure all people receive education to ensure numeracy + literacy, including the vulnerable
  • aims to increase skills for employment and decent jobs
  • upgrade education facilities, including qualified teachers
17
Q

goal 4 - Quality education, why is it important ?

A
  • millions of children in developing countries who don’t attend school and low literacy/numeracy levels
  • reduced literacy and numeracy often results in reducing ability to have meaningful paid employment, resulting in poverty
  • reduced levels of education, reduces health knowledge. Increasing chances of illness
  • girls and womens are less likely to receive education, contributing to gender in equality and poverty
  • increased universal education at all levels, increases ability to earn income, reduce poverty and improve countries ability to provide for its citizens, helping achieve sustainable human development
18
Q

name Goal 5

A

Gender equality

19
Q

describe Goal 5 - Gender Equality

A
  • aims to ensure equal opportunities for both males and females in all areas of life, including leadership in decision making and access to economic/ natural resources
  • aims to end all forms of discrimination, violence + harmful practices against women everyone (including trafficking/forced marriage)
  • access to sexual and reproductive health and rights
20
Q

Goal 5 - Gender equality - why is it important

A
  • millions of women and girls continue to suffer discrimination/violence
  • gender equality is necessary for foundation for peaceful, prosperous sustainable world
  • providing females with equal access to education, health care, decent work and representation in political positions will contribute to sustainable economies + contribute to sustainable human development
21
Q

name Goal 6

A

Clean water + Sanitation

22
Q

describe goal 6 - Clean water + sanitation

A
  • aims to achieve universal access to safe drinking water, sanitation for all people
  • aims to improve water quality by reducing contaminants as well as increase water use efficiency to promote sustainability
  • aims to support participation of local communities n improving water and sanitation management
23
Q

goal 6 - clean water and sanitation - why is it important?

A
  • millions of people globally lack of access to clean, safe water and sanitation. Resulting in preventable illness, high mortality rates, especially children
  • water scarcity, poor water quality + inadequate sanitation negatively impacts on food security, livelihood choices + ability to earn income/ education opportunities.
  • drought worsens availability of water, increasing hunger and malnutrition
  • by 2050 at least 1 in 4 are likely to live in country affected by chronic or recurring shortages of fresh water
24
Q

explain sustainable human development

A

meeting todays needs and planning the country’s growth w/o creating problems or depletion resources for future

eg. over fishing, over forest logging

25
Q

Economic Sustainability

A

relates to capacity of future generations to earn an income and the efficient use of resources to allow economic growth over time.

26
Q

literacy program

A

WE BLOOM - CARE AUSTRALIA (NGO)
reasons:
- more than 70% of worlds out of school population is female
- In cambodia women take roles within home
- girls are less likely to attend school + don’t have the same employment opportunities

implementation:
- Australia works w/ those in Cambodia who don’t have opportunity to attend school due to lack of funds
- provides young women with skills to access job opportunities
- enabling better income + consequential better health

27
Q

food security program

A

PROJECT PEANUT BUTTER - MULTILATERAL (WHO,UN,INDEPENDENT)

reasons:
- in order to treat children who are severely malnourished/may experience edema
- Implemented in 2004 Malawa (africa)

implementation:
- peanut based formula
- made from key ingredients locally sourced
- local people empowered as they are given to knowledge to increase sustainability as local people take over once aid has left
- involves check ups every 2 weeks

28
Q

HIV/AIDS program

A

POSITIVE LIVING PROJECT - NGO World Vision
reasons:
- reduce incidence of HIV
- improve care for people living w/ HIV/AIDS
- minimise social/economic impact of illness on individuals, families, communities

implementation:
World Vision runs drop in centre in Port Moresby that offers:
- free testings, information/ initial counselling for people wanting to confirm HIV status
- additional counselling, support and training programs for those HIV positive

29
Q

malaria programs

A

END MALARIA CAMPAIGN - NGO - World Vision

reasons:
- leading cause of death in developing countries
- african countries experience highest rate U5MR
- nearly 200 000 newborn deaths result from mother contracting malaria during pregnancy

implementation:
- working in Uganda to reduce rate of malaria infections during pregnancy
focus includes:
- educating local people in relation to importance of slashing vegetation from around home/ removing environments which promote mosquito breeding
- nets provided to prevent bites at night, which they otherwise couldn’t afford

30
Q

safe water + sanitation program

A

DEVELOPING WELLS + PUMPS IN NIGER - NGO - World Vision

reason:
- drought stricken areas rely on underground supply of water
- wells can become contaminated from water spilt
- collection of water is difficult, far from communities affecting spinal health and less opportunity for education or work

implementation:
- World vision has implemented:
- wells fitted w/ pumps to make collection easier
- trucks drill into ground + install pumps to make larger collection easier
- pump reduces human labour
- allows women + children to work/attend school
- reduces contamination

31
Q

immunisation program

A

WORLD VISIONS’S TOGETHER FOR CHILD HEALTH PROGRAM - NGO World Vision

reasons:
- lack of knowledge + access to healthcare/immunisation leads to increased prevalence of: diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles increasing morbidity

implementation:
- training + supporting community health workers on importance of immunisation to ensure wellbeing for child and how and when the immunisations can be accessed

32
Q

Social Sustainability

A

relates to future generations having the same improved access to social resources
eg. human rights, political stability, education

33
Q

Environmental Sustainability

A

Relates to ensuring the natural environment is utilised in a way that will preserve resources into future.
Human activities should use natural resources only at a rate that allows resources to replenish for future generations

34
Q

sanitation

A

refers to the safe disposal of human waste, as well as maintenance of hygienic conditions through:
garbage collection
disposal of waste water

35
Q

gender equality

A

refers to a situation where women + men have the same level of power + control over all aspects of their lives

36
Q

food security

A

ensuring people have access to nutritious food

3/4 Health and Human Development (8 decks)

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