UNIT 3 - AOS 1B (NUTRIENT)

Question 1

nutrient

Answer 1

a substance that is used by living things to build tissue or provide energy in order to assist in growth or keep an organism alive

Question 2

micro nutrient

Answer 2

nutrients that are required in small amounts, vitamins and minerals

Question 3

macro nutrient

Answer 3

nutrients that are required in large amounts

protein, carbohydrates, fats

Question 4

kilojules

Answer 4

a measure of the energy values of food

Question 5

basal metabolic rate

Answer 5

the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest

Question 6

what are the three nutrients for energy

Answer 6

carbs, fats, protein

Question 7

function of carbohydrates

Answer 7

provide the body with energy

2 different types of carbs : simple and complex

Question 8

simple carbs + food source

Answer 8

quick energy not sustained

sugar and honey

Question 9

complex carbs + food source

Answer 9

sustained energy

wholegrain bread, cereal

Question 10

function of fibre (carbohydrates)

Answer 10

only plant foods provide fibre 
add bulk to faeces to prevent constipation which reduces risk of : 
- obesity 
- type 2 
- colorectal cancer 
- cvd

Question 11

fibre - food source

Answer 11

wholemeal products

wholemeal bread, fruit and veg with skin, bran flakes

Question 12

protein - main function

Answer 12

growth, maintain and the repair of body cells
secondary function: provide energy
1G = 17kjs of energy

excess - stored as fat
deficiency - lead to lower bone density

Question 13

protein - food source

Answer 13

red meat, egg, fish, dairy

soy, chickpeas

Question 14

what are the four fats

Answer 14

• monounsaturated
• polyunsaturated
• saturated
• trans

Question 15

function of all fats

Answer 15

to provide fuel for energy

1G=37kjs

Question 16

monounsaturated function (good fat)

Answer 16

reduces LDL and consequentially lowering cholesterol

reducing risk of cvd, heart disease

Question 17

monounsaturated food source

Answer 17

olive oil
avocado
nuts

Question 18

polyunsaturated function (good fat)

Answer 18

provides omega 3+6

lowers LDL and increases HDL

Question 19

polyunsaturated food source

Answer 19

omega 3/6

oily fish, nuts, seeds , canola oils

Question 20

saturated function (bad fat)

Answer 20

increases LDL and cholesterol

increases: cvd, heart disease, obesity

Question 21

saturated - food source

Answer 21

fatty meat cuts, full cream dairy products

Question 22

trans fat main function (bad fat)

Answer 22

increase LDL and decrease HDL
high contribution to cholesterol
therefore: increase in cvd, obesity, heart disease

Question 23

trans fat food source

Answer 23

processed foods
cakes
pastry
pies

Question 24

NHPA definition

Answer 24

A collaborative initiative endorsed by the commonwealth and all state territory governments.
The NHPA initiative seeks to focus the health sectors attention on diseases or conditions that have a major impact on the health of australians
The NHPA”S represent the disease groups with the largest BOD and potential costs to the australian government

Question 25

water (not technically a nutrient)

Answer 25

assists with weight management and important for good digestive health.
Reduces: obesity, type 2, bowel cancer and colorectal cancer
Water helps with saiety to prevent overconsumption of food

Question 26

water food source

Answer 26

water, juice, fruit, tea, coffee

Question 27

calcium function

Answer 27

the maintenance of strong bones to maintain the hardness of bones, teeth and cartilage
deficiency: unable to achieve peak bone mass therefore leading to osteoporosis

Question 28

calcium food source

Answer 28

dairy 
milk 
cheese 
sardines 
spinach

Question 29

phosphorus function

Answer 29

works with calcium to maintain harder bones and teeth in prevention of osteoporosis

Question 30

osteoporosis food source

Answer 30

dairy products, meat, egg, fish

Question 31

sodium function and the results of excess consumption

Answer 31

to regulate fluid in body

excess= heart failure, heart attack, stroke and osteoporosis
As calcium is discreet through urine if excess consumption occurs

Question 32

sodium - food source

Answer 32

table salt 
olives 
meat 
cheese 
processed foods

Question 33

vitamin d function

Answer 33

absorption of calcium and phosphorus

deficiency = weakness of bones and teeth leading to osteoporosis

Question 34

vitamin d sources

Answer 34

fish
cheese
egg yolk
sun

Question 35

digestive tract

Answer 35

a collection of organs that carry out digestion 
organs include: 
- mouth 
-oesophagus 
-stomach 
- small intestine 
- rectum 
- anus

Question 36

indigestible

Answer 36

cannot be absorbed by the body

Question 37

diverticulitis

Answer 37

inflammation of colon causing pain and disturbance of bowel function

Question 38

colorectal cancer

Answer 38

the development of cancer in colon or rectum due to abnormal growth of cells