Unit 3a; Facilities Flashcards
what is a barrier/containment facility
facility that takes precautions to keep disease agents out and/or to keep disease agents from getting out
what is a conventional facility
no special precautions taken against intro of disease
facility design usually used for smaller facilities
conventional
facility design usually used for larger animals (D/C, farm)
conventional
facility design usually used for small animals like rodents
barrier/containment facility
precautions taken by barrier/containment facilities
PPE, showers, autoclave/disinfect entering items, “clean hallway” and “dirty hallway”
facility design usually used for breeding and experimental animal colonies
barrier/containment suite
important features of animal room constuction
waterproof nonslip floors, slotted drains, slopped floor towards drain, walls/floors made of concreted or other sealed material, no cracks/chipped paint, recessed ceiling light fixtures and power outlets, selfclosing doors w/ kickplates
positive pressure v neg pressure rooms
pos= higher pressure, air flows out neg= lower pressure, air flows in
examples of pos and neg pressure rooms
pos= surgery suites, barrier rooms (avoid contamination entering room) neg= quarantine rooms, waste rooms (avoid contamination leaving room)
what is macroenvironment v microenvironment
macro= environment in the animal rooms micro= environment in individual cages
what is the primary concern when referring to the research animals environment?
comfort and experimental conditions
what is the thermoneutral zone (TNZ) in which animal rooms are maintained
temp range where animal does not need physical or mechanical mechanisms to control heat production or loss (no energy expended), also less stress is produced
breeding rooms should be at the high or low end of temp range?
why?
high; neonates cannot thermoregulate
post-op recovery rooms should be at high or low end of temp range?
high
most rooms range from __-__% in humidity
what is the acceptable range?
45-55%
acceptable= 30-70%
low humidity can cause what in rats?
ring-tail or sluffing
high humidity can cause what (when referring to various species)
resp. disorders, food spoilage
the guide recommend how many air exchanges per hour?
10-15
importance of ventilation and air exchange
eliminates ammonia and other odors
size of HEPA filters, what do they work against?
0.3um; pollen, fungus, mold, some viruses
define effluent air
waste air
noise may cause
stress
noise may cause what in rabbits, rodents, rats, and gerbils
rabbits- may jump and injure themselves
rodents- may not breed
rats/gerbils- may seize
ways to decrease noise stress on animal
speak soft, play radio, house sensitive animals away from noisy rooms (ex: washing rooms)
examples of environmental enrichment
cage mods, devices, encourage normal behavior (ex: foraging), exercise, human interaction
define social enrichment
physical contant both visual and auditory, olfactory, communication w/ members of same species and humans
goal of enrichment program
provide mechanism for expression of innate behavior that results in pos effects on health/ wellbeing
types of feeders
V-shaped (on shoebox cages)
J-shaped (rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs)
define lixits
drinking valves from watering systems
when providing water and food systems, it is important we make sure the animals know
how the system works
