Unit 1; Use and Ethics

Question 1

significance of Dr Simon D Brimhall

Answer 1

first lab animal veterinarian

Question 2

in 1967 ACP (animal care panel) became

Answer 2

AALAS (American Association of Lab Animal Science)

Question 3

what was ACP concerned with (what they do)

Answer 3

Animal care panel; concerned with production, care, and study of lab animals

Question 4

what AALAS does

Answer 4

educates and certify lab animal care professionals, CE annually, promote humane care and use, serves as means of communication betw individuals and organizations in field

Question 5

3 examinations offered by AALAS

Answer 5

ALAT- assis. lab animal tech
LAT- Lab animal tech
LATG- Lab animal technologist

Question 6

t or f; you must be an LVT to obtain any AALAS certification

Answer 6

F

Question 7

requirments for ALAT, LAT, and LATG certification

Answer 7

ALAT- any college degree 2 yrs+
LAT- bachelor’s+ ALAT certification+ college degree or hs diploma after receiving ALAT
LATG-Bachelor’s + LAT certification+ degree of hs diploma after receiving LAT

Question 8

difference in responsibilities of ALAT and LAT

Answer 8

ALAT= care
LAT= research tech, special treatments, surgery, etc.

Question 9

what are the three R’s researchers are required to consider whilst testing on animals

Answer 9

Reduction- use the fewest # of animals possible
Replacement- look to use animal models w/ a non-animal model or a species phylogenetically lower
Refinement- of methods to avoid or minimize discomfort, pain, and stress

Question 10

animals most used in research (1st and 2nd)

Answer 10

1st- mice
2nd- rats
both= over 95% of animals used

Question 11

what the administrator of lab animal facility does

Answer 11

supervises staff, ensures appropriate records, etc

Question 12

what the Principal investigator (PI) on a research team does

Answer 12

scientist; develops hypothesis, plans experiment, collect and interpret data, report findings(usu advanced degree, usu doctorate, usu specialized)

Question 13

what the ALAT, LAT, and LATG do on a research team

Answer 13

daily care, control variables, may perform treatments, may collect and process data

Question 14

what the lab animal veterinarian does on a research team

Answer 14

all health aspects, advising team members on handling and treatment

Question 15

what is “Basic Research”, what does it consist of

Answer 15

research concerned w advancing fundamental knowledge, often computer models, no live models

Question 16

what is Applied Research, what does it consist of

Answer 16

research that using existing knowledge (from basic research) to solve specific biomedical problems); computer, math, culture, or live models

Question 17

what is clinical research, what does it consist of

Answer 17

builds on knowledge gained in other forms (basic and applied rsrch), always on live animals. FDA requirements in place

Question 18

what is the importance of the literature search component of research design

Answer 18

see if research has already been done

Question 19

what is, and what is the importance of the blind study component of research design

Answer 19

animals randomly assigned to expirimental or control group, team doesn’t know which are assigned to what, prevents bias

Question 20

who develops the experimental design, what is it

Answer 20

research team, all details written down (budget, # of animals, etc.) before approval

Question 21

what is the largest source of government funding for biomedical research

Answer 21

the NIH- National Institutes of Health

an agency of the US dept. of health and human services

Question 22

animal rights beliefs

Answer 22

all animals are equal; humans have no right to exploit them for any reason. (don’t kill, eat, farm, sport, pets are slavery, feel animals should be liberated)

Question 23

animal welfare beliefs

Answer 23

animals used to benefit humans if they are used humanely, not opposed to well regulated research

Question 24

animal exploitation beliefs

Answer 24

animals were put on this earth to serve us, they are property, no sense of pain/suffering (dog fighting, cock fighting, etc.)

Question 25

how woodchucks are used in experimentation for developing vaccines against liver disease caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Answer 25

woodchucks infected w WHV (woodchuck hepatitis virus), a virus closley related to HBV, are ideal model

Question 26

importance of armadillos and leprosy research

Answer 26

naturally occurring leprosy is found in armadillo population, still impossible to grow leprosy bacillus in culture, armadillos= only source for vaccines and we can study its transmission in populations

Question 27

list all steps in research design

Answer 27

proposal/theory, literature search, hypothesis (done by PI/scientist), expirimental design (developed by team, all details written)

Question 28

What IACUC stands for

Answer 28

Institutional animal care and use committee

Question 29

What iacuc does

Answer 29

Evaluate programs, investigate complaints, inspect facilities every 6 months, prepare reports, etc

Question 30

The awa and guide both require that all animals used in research or teaching be approved by ____\

Answer 30

IACUC

Question 31

Members of IACUC

Answer 31

Chair, veterinarian, non-affiliated member; scientist, non scientist

Question 32

What AAALAC stands for

Answer 32

Association for assessment and accreditation of lab animal care

Question 33

Organization that accredits research labs

Answer 33

AAALAC