Non-traditional animals Flashcards
most common type of dog/cat used (where they come from)
purpose bred (colony bred)
all d/c for research must be acquired thro a dealer licensed by ____.
they must provide…
USDA; must provide source and disposition of animals to USDA
random source vs conditioned d/c
random: shelter animals ab to be euthanized, possible disease, unknown history
conditioned: tested for/treated for disease, vaccinated, neutered, socialized, customed to housing/watering systems
1st successful kidney transplant and ideal animal model for kidney disease
Dogs; have high incidence of kidney disease
research on dogs helped develope and test…
artificial hips and joints, pacemakers, catheters, heart/lung machines, also many heart procedures (cardiovascular system similiar to humans)
most common dog breed used in research
beagles
the anatomy and biochemistry of the cat’s ___ is v similiar to humans’
brain (used in brain mapping research; test reflexes and synapse response, and perception of light and sound), also helped develope techniques for brain surgery
research using cats helped us to understand and treat what disease
leukemia
most common farm animals used in research
swine, sheep, goats
what farm animals the USDA does NOT regulate
those used in agriculture (does regulate those in research)
horses in research used in prevention of what human diseases
tetanus and diptheria
1st animal which blood pressure was measured
horse
type of cancer non-existant in stallions (thus used for research in)
prostate-cancer: helping in developing medicine to halt spread in humans
pregnant mare urine is used for
estrogen replacmen medicine (premarin) to treat symptoms of menopause
genus species of european and indian cow
Bos taurus, and Bos indicus
swine genus species
sus scrofa
one of best animal models for wound healing due to skin similiar to humans
pigs
animal model that helped develop CAT scan
pigs
sheep genus species
Ovis aires
goat genus species
Capra hircus
why sheep are models for human pregnancy
similiar baby weight to humans, study hormonal changes before birth and fetal development/ reproduction
sheep research developed vaccine for
anthrax
causal agent of Q fever in sheep and goats (zoonotic)
common reservoirs?
Coxiella burnetii (a rickettsia) reservoirs: cattle, sheep, goats, ticks (shed massively at parturition)
what Q fever causes in humans
flu like symptoms (fever 9-14 days, reccurent)
what is contagious ecthyma in sheep/goats
Orf: caused by pox virus, causes painful puscular scabby lesions around mouth, 10-15% mortality, prevents nursing, zoonotic thro direct contant w MM
chinchilla suborder
hystrictomorpha
rodent w most fur per sq inch
chinchilla
why we must limit dust baths for chinchillas
too much cause conjunctivitis
research w this animal developed cholera vaccine
chinchilla
NASA used these animals for sleep studies
Chinchillas
genus species of woodchuck
Marmota monax
animal model for hepatitis B virus
woodchuck
armadillo genus species
Dasypus novemcinctus
prime model for leprosy research
armadillo (mycobacterium lepare hard to culture, occurs in low body temp)
armadillos regularly produce identical monozogous ____ (twins, triplets, or quadruplets) making them usful for…
quadruplets
useful for genetic studies
4 bird orders used in research
Galliformes, Columbiformes, Passeriformes, Psittaciformes
this bird is one of the most suseptible animals to cancer
turkeys
the 1st animal waste-based power plant uses what for electricity
turkey manure
most common birds used in research
chickens, pigeons, turkeys
what is pinioning
surgical removal of distal wing tip, prevents flying
what is ethology
study of animal behavior
snakes were used in research to develope Textilinin which is what
medication used to reduce blood loss during surgery by maintaining blood clots
difference beween oviparous and viviparous reptiles
oviparous- lay eggs
viviparous- live young
1st invertebrate to be cloned
African Clawed frog
how amphibians reproduce (how eggs are fertilized)
external fertilization of eggs, hatch into immature larval form
where gas exchange occurs in amphibians
alveoli in lungs and through skin
amphibians and snakes are (endo or ecto therms)
ectotherms (get heat from external sources, cold blooded)
why amphibians are used in research of agricultural waste
skin permiability makes them v suseptible to toxins dissolved in water
why we isolate new arrivals to colony
may be canabalistic
why we use gloves/wet hands to restrain/ restrain amphibians as little as possible
fragile skin,
have protective slime layer- rubbing may introduce bacteria
amphibians are usually (carnivores, omnivores, herbivores, insectivores) at different stages in life
omnivores in larval (insects+ veg)
carnivores as adults (usu insectivorus)
can eat canned pet food
how temperature affects amphibian eating
increase= stimulates
decrease/low temp= can stop eating (loss of appetite/ lethargy)
