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RATs > Rabbits > Flashcards

Rabbits Flashcards

1
Q

Rabbit genus species

A

Oryctolagus cunniculus

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2
Q

Rabbit order

A

Lagomorpha (not rodents!)

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3
Q

what are the main differences between rabbits and hares

A

hares have longer ears and more powerful legs

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4
Q

breed most used in research

A

new zealand white (albino, see vasculature v easily)

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5
Q

use of rabbits in research

A

produce antibodies for vaccines (bc large ear veins give more blood), human male reproductive toxicology, study of bronchial asthma, stroke prevent/treat, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, cancer, atherosclerosis studies, drugs screening and testing

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6
Q

how many incisors rabbits have

A

6 (2 pair upper, 1 pair lower)

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7
Q

the 2nd set of upper incisors, located directly behind first set, are called

A

auxiliary incisors, PEG teeth, or wolf teeth

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8
Q

why rabbits are v difficult to intubate

A

large fleshy tongue, also way anatomy is

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9
Q

the vascularity of their pinna helps with

A

thermoregulation

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10
Q

why rabbits, especially females, are prone to dermatitis on chin area

A

prominent dewlaps, like a double chin

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11
Q

where rabbits ferment

A

hind gut fermenters, cecum

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12
Q

rabbits neutrophils are called ____

what do they look like?

A

hetrophils or psedo-neutrophils; lobulated nucleus and small red cytoplasmic granules (mistaken for eosinophils)

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13
Q

why we must be careful w rabbits (esp overweight rabbits) on wire cages

A

no foot pads, only hair

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14
Q

what are cecotropes and where are they made in body

A

large colon helps w production, aka night feces; eaten straight from anus in evening to regain water, nitrogen, electrolytes, and B vitamins

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15
Q

what kind of diet to feed to prevent trichobezoars and what are they?

A

high fiber diet (10% fiber, 15% protein), hair balls

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16
Q

rabbits prefer warmer or cooler temps? what temp range and humidity range?

A

cooler, 60-70 degrees, 30-70% humidity

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17
Q

high temps can cause

A

trichobezoars due to shedding

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18
Q

cages should be cleaned how often and why

A

daily, keep ammonia levels low

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19
Q

why we should avoid clay litter and wood shavings

A

may eat

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20
Q

rabbit urine is v (alkaline or acidic), what is its pH

A

alkaline, usu. >8 pH

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21
Q

what kind of crystals normal in rabbits

A

struvite and calcium carbonate

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22
Q

color of rabbit urine

A

dark brown-yellow (creamy w lot of protein)

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23
Q

how to sex

A

visualize penis or vulva (cannot use anogenital distance, also testicles may be retracted)

24
Q

birthing is called ___ in rabbits, when do they usually birth

A

kindling, usu morning hours

25
Q

when puberty usually occurs

A

5-6 months (dwarf species develop faster)

26
Q

when puberty usually occurs in new zealand whites

A

F= 5 months

M=6-7 months

27
Q

why we bring the doe to the buck when mating

A

females territorial during mating

28
Q

rabbits are induced ovulators and ovulate __hours after coitus

A

10hr

29
Q

rabbits have a ___ uterus

A

duplex uterus (no uterine body, 2 separate uterine horns, each opens into uterus separatley)

30
Q

how long gestation

A

29-35 days

31
Q

average litter size

A

4-12 kits

32
Q

how often young nurse

A

few minutes a day (v concentrated milk, eat 20% of body weight in a few minutes)

33
Q

what may cause pseudo pregnancy and how long it lasts

A

mounting by other does or stimulation from nearby males, lasts 15- 17 days)

34
Q

when cannibalism of young typically occurs

A

1st litter or due to stress

35
Q

does normally fight unless

males usually fight when?

A

introduces at young age

males fight during mating season (territorial)

36
Q

why rabbits thump

A

warn of danger

37
Q

list outbred stocks

A

new zealand white, california, dutch belted

38
Q

what the watanabe hyperlipedemic strain was developed for

A

heart disease/ atherosclerosis studies (suseptible to high cholesterol and plaque build up in arteries)

39
Q

what is the draize eye test

A

rabbit eyes v suseptible to irritation bc v low tear production to dillute out toxins, acute toxicity test done for safety determination

40
Q

what is atherosclerosis

A

fatty material collects along walls of arteries, thickens/hardens to form calcium deposits (plaque), may block arteries

41
Q

why we would feed high cholesterol/ high fat diets to rabbits in research

A

plaques form (artherosclerosis), also see hypertension

42
Q

what is pasteruellosis, how is it spread

A

snuffles, bacterial gram neg cocobacillus, resp disease w internal abcesses, spread via direct contact or aerosol transmission

43
Q

most common bacterial infection in rabbits

A

pasteruellosis (snuffles)

44
Q

why we shouldnt house rabbits and guinea pigs together

A

pasteruellosis (snuffles) transmissible to guinea pigs (rabbits may be carriers)

45
Q

signs of pasteruellosis (snuffles)

A

abcesses on neck and mammary glands, torticollis (head tilt), can die from bronchoneumonia

46
Q

prolonged use of antibiotics can cause what in rabbits

A

fatal diarrhea

47
Q

what is mucoid enteropathy and signs

A

usu affects young (7-10 wks), usu caused by e coli or clostridium spiroform, signs= constipation w mucous- water diarrhea, hypothermia, crouched, lethargy, rough hair coat

48
Q

what typically causes mastitis in rabbits

A

poor sanitation, usu staph infection

49
Q

what is tularemia, how transmitted

A

rabbit fever, usu of wild rabbits; transmitted by direct contact, bite wound, inhalation, ingestion, or vectors. zoonotic!

50
Q

what tularemia causes in humans

A

lymphadenopathy

51
Q

what is myxomatosis

A

virus transmitted via insect vector and direct contact, resorvoir in wild rabbits. cause conjunctivitis, fever

52
Q

what is rabbit pox and signs, and how to prevent

A

viral disease, highly contagious, high mortality, signs= fever, rash, lacrimal nasal discharge. prevent w small pox vaccine

53
Q

roundworms are what kind of parasite?

cestodes?

A

round worms= nematode

cestodes= tapeworms

54
Q

causal agent of coccidiosis, how transmitted, and 2 types of coccidiosis

A

eimeria, transmitted via fecal oral route,

2 types= hepatic form and intestinal form

55
Q

what is baylisascaris, what does it cause in rabbits?

A

raccoon roundworm, may cause visceral larval migrans in rabbits

RATs (16 decks)

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